Exam 3: The Science of Astronomy

A) every day at noon.
B) at noon on the summer solstice.
C) at sunset on the spring equinox.
D) at noon on the day of full Moon each month.
E) during the totality of a total solar eclipse.

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A) stellar parallax
B) mountains and valleys on the Moon
C) four moons orbiting Jupiter
D) phases of Venus

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A) about 5000 years ago
B) about 2000 years ago
C) about 1000 years ago
D) about 500 years ago
E) about 100 years ago

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A) Tycho Brahe
B) Copernicus
C) Kepler
D) Galileo
E) Ptolemy

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They observed the orientation ...

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First of all,science can only test the t...

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A) a natural phenomenon that requires explanation
B) an explanation for a phenomenon that makes a prediction
C) a tentative understanding of a natural phenomenon
D) a pseudoscientific idea
E) a historical theory that has been proved inaccurate

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A) The planets moved along small circles that moved on larger circles around Earth.
B) The planets sometimes stopped moving and then reversed to move backward along their circular orbits.
C) The model showed that apparent retrograde motion occurs as Earth passes by another planet in its orbit of the Sun.
D) The planets resided on giant spheres that sometimes turned clockwise and sometimes turned counterclockwise.

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A) developed a model of the solar system that made sufficiently accurate predictions of planetary positions to remain in use for many centuries.
B) developed the first scientific model of the universe.
C) was the first to create a model of the solar system that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center.
D) was the first to believe that all orbits are perfect circles.

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A) showing that heavy objects fall at the same rate as lighter objects.
B) observing sunspots on the Sun and mountains on the Moon.
C) proving Kepler's laws were correct.
D) inventing the telescope.

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A) sundials,with light provided by the Moon.
B) water clocks,measuring the flow of water through an opening.
C) hourglasses,measuring the flow of sand through an opening.
D) Moon clocks,which measured time based on the Moon's position relative to the stars.
E) star clocks,which measured time based on the positions of stars at particular times of night and particular times of year.

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A) a planet travels faster when it is nearer to the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun.
B) a planet's period does not depend on the eccentricity of its orbit.
C) planets that are farther from the Sun move at slower average speeds than nearer planets.
D) the period of a planet does not depend on its mass.
E) planets have circular orbits.

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A) understand the origin of Earth.
B) make a more accurate model of the universe.
C) predict the passing of the seasons.
D) predict human events.
E) antagonize astronomers.

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A) Tycho Brahe
B) Copernicus
C) Kepler
D) Galileo
E) Ptolemy

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A) from A.D.600 to A.D.1800 in Greece
B) from A.D.600 to A.D.1800 in Egypt
C) from 300 B.C.to A.D.400 in Rome
D) from 300 B.C.to A.D.400 in Greece
E) from 300 B.C.to A.D.400 in Egypt

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Eratosthenes used measurements of the an...

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1.The orbit of each planet is an ellipse...

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