Question 1

The "tragedy of the commons" is

Accepted Answer

A)  the lack of a commons-a common place where people can come together.
B)  the failure to appreciate what we have in common with other species.
C)  that cost-benefit analysis involves value judgments that we do not share in common.
D)  that individual pursuit of self-interest can sometimes make everyone worse off.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

One truth about factory farms is

Accepted Answer

A)  they rarely inflict any genuine suffering on animals.
B)  they are larger than ever.
C)  they are necessary to feed the world.
D)  they are run by brutal people.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

When it comes to the protecting animal rights, the United States is far ahead of Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to the philosopher Joel Feinberg,

Accepted Answer

A)  future generations of people have a right to be born.
B)  future generations have no moral rights.
C)  we have no duties to future generations.
D)  the rights of future generations are contingent upon those people coming into existence.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  It proceeds on a case-by-case basis, dealing with each company's specific circumstances.
B)  It gives companies an incentive to do more than the minimum required by law.
C)  It requires the EPA or other body to determine the most effective, feasible pollution-control technology for each different industry.
D)  It involves the use of pricing mechanisms.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

The new discipline of "ecological economics" calculates the value of an ecosystem, not in terms of what people are willing to pay for it, but in terms of what it would cost to provide the benefits and services that the ecosystem now furnishes us.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Animal manure

Accepted Answer

A)  is not available in sufficient quantities to replenish agricultural land.
B)  is a large source of pollution.
C)  helps counteract the "greenhouse effect".
D)  is potentially more dangerous than nuclear power.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

William F. Baxter addresses environmental ethics by noting

Accepted Answer

A)  the best ethical position to adopt on environmental issues is a naturalistic position.
B)  non-human animals have intrinsic value.
C)  judgments about environmental problems ought to be people-oriented.
D)  damage to geological "marvels" is inherently wrong and should be prevented.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Briefly describe the two popular answers to the question of who should pay the costs of environmental protections and restorations.

Accepted Answer

The question of who should pay the costs...

Question 14

Cost-benefit analysis is a device used to determine whether it's worthwhile to incur a particular cost.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The term ecology refers to the science of the

Accepted Answer

A)  independent nature of individual ecosystems and animal species.
B)  relationships between predators and prey withing a given environment.
C)  total ecological community, both living and nonliving.
D)  interrelationships among organisms and their environments.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations

Accepted Answer

A)  future people can claim a right to a livable environment.
B)  can not claim any right so we have limitied duties towards their welfare.
C)  have a right to be born and we have an obligation to uphold this.
D)  have interests that we can affect, for better or worse, right now.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

According to Holmes Rolston III,

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic ethics ought to be abandoned.
B)  some natural objects are morally considerable in their own right, apart from human interests.
C)  all moral rights are derived from the interests of human beings.
D)  nature has no value apart from human beings.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Does that fact that McDonalds gave in to public opinion mean that all businesses should do the same?  Is there every a time that a business can tell the environmental people that they will not abide by the regulations or requests?  Describe those conditions.

Accepted Answer

The fact that McDonald's gave in to publ...

Question 19

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Business must be sensitive to its impacts on the physical environment primarily because of the

Accepted Answer

A)  fiscal obligations a business has to its stockholders.
B)  intrusion into an ecosystem frequently causes favorable effects.
C)  interdependence of an ecosystem's elements.
D)  possible public perception of negligence and potential legal implications.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 7: The Environment

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When it comes to the protecting animal rights, the United States is far ahead of Europe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the philosopher Joel Feinberg,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Business must be sensitive to its impacts on the physical environment primarily because of the

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Animal manure

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Does that fact that McDonalds gave in to public opinion mean that all businesses should do the same? Is there every a time that a business can tell the environmental people that they will not abide by the regulations or requests? Describe those conditions.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe fact that McDonald's gave in to publ...View AnswerShow Answer

One truth about factory farms is

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Briefly describe the two popular answers to the question of who should pay the costs of environmental protections and restorations.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe question of who should pay the costs...View AnswerShow Answer

The new discipline of "ecological economics" calculates the value of an ecosystem, not in terms of what people are willing to pay for it, but in terms of what it would cost to provide the benefits and services that the ecosystem now furnishes us.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "tragedy of the commons" is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term ecology refers to the science of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

William F. Baxter addresses environmental ethics by noting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Holmes Rolston III,

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Cost-benefit analysis is a device used to determine whether it's worthwhile to incur a particular cost.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The fact that McDonald's gave in to publ...
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The question of who should pay the costs...
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