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Exam 3: The Self

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Question 61

Multiple Choice

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Most social psychologists today view self-presentation as ____.

A) merely a symptom of low self-esteem
B) merely a symptom of narcissism
C) a form of hypocrisy-acting or pretending to be something other than what one really is
D) a basic and important aspect of human social life, used to gain social acceptance

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verified

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Question 62

Multiple Choice

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Research has shown that children are less likely to steal Halloween candy if there is a big mirror in front of them than if there is no mirror. This finding illustrates the fact that ____.

A) the looking-glass self is similar to public self-consciousness
B) the looking-glass self invokes the generalized other
C) high self-awareness tends to increase moral behavior
D) moral behavior is primarily guided by the conscious part of the duplex mind

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Question 63

True/False

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Jake grew up in a really religious home, but when he is at college he never goes to church. He considers how rarely he goes to church without his family, and decides that religion must not be very important to him. Jake's experience is best explained by social comparison theory.

Humans appear to be the only animals that can take on multiple social roles across their lives.

____ tends to make people more aware of positive, culturally desirable standards and tends to make them try harder to behave in positive, culturally desirable ways.

When Jason starts college, he comes from a very conservative religious background. He strongly feels that homosexuality is "wrong" and "immoral," although he has never actually met anyone who is a homosexual. At college, he meets lots of new friends, a few of whom are homosexual. He really enjoys them, and as he spends more time with them he decides, "I must not really think homosexuality is wrong. After all, several of my best friends are gay and I don't think they are immoral." Which theory can BEST explain Jason's change in attitude about homosexuality?

The notion of private self-awareness is similar to the idea(s) of ____.

Frances has just scheduled an appointment with a personal trainer. She knows she is not in perfect shape, and wants to get a thorough assessment of her strengths and weaknesses. Frances is apparently driven by a strong ____.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Given the research on positive illusions, which of the following is probably FALSE?

Oscar has just completed his first week of student teaching middle school mathematics. Overall, the teachers he is working with have positive comments to make; even the students seem to think he is doing well. However, one administrator has some oddly caustic comments. Oscar's colleagues urge him to focus on the comments as a whole, combining what everyone has said rather than focusing on the single very negative commenter. Oscar's colleagues are urging him to focus on the ____ other.

The consistency motive is sometimes also called the ____.

Jeff is 64 and facing mandatory retirement.  As he considers his future, he thinks about how he has mentored new co-workers the way he was once mentored and how co-workers often come to him for advice and to share their triumphs. He thinks about how his work friendships have often become mutually supportive personal friendships and he wonders how those relationships will change when he retires. Jeff has a(n) ____ self-construal.

Suppose that Ted and Ed are both very high in public self-awareness. This means that they tend to ____.

The self-verification motive can also be called the ________________motive.

Considering white Americans, African-Americans, and other ethnic minority groups in the U.S., ____ tend to have the highest levels of self-esteem, followed by ____ and then ____.

Research suggests that most people have high self-esteem and distorted, overly positive views about themselves. How are people able to consistently fool themselves? Discuss at least three different "strategies" or "factors" that enable people to maintain these views.

After several politicians made comments about "legitimate" rape and even argued that, when it resulted in the birth of a child, rape could have positive outcomes, many wondered if the politicians had any idea how others perceived them and the statements they made. In social psychological terms, their ____ self-awareness was questioned.

Compared to people with high self-esteem, people with low self-esteem ____.

Research suggests that ____ tend to have more interdependent self-construals, whereas ____ tend to have more independent self-construals.