Question 1

Madeline has recently been accepted into a sorority at her college. She is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   look to the other new members of the group to determine appropriate group behavior.
B)   resist the norms created by established members of the group.
C)   social loaf until she feels like an accepted member of the group.
D)   model her behavior on that of long-standing group members.

Question 2

Before a meeting, each of several city council members was tentatively considering an air pollution ordinance. After a meeting, they expressed strong support of the ordinance. This outcome is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   group polarization.
B)   social loafing.
C)   a social dilemma.
D)   social facilitation.

Question 3

Harriett goes trick-or-treating on Halloween. She arrives at her neighbor's door just as the phone is ringing. Her neighbor puts the candy on the table and says, "I need to get the phone, so help yourself to whatever kind of candy you want, but please take only one piece." Which of the following would most encourage Harriett to take only one piece of candy?

Accepted Answer

A)   If Harriet's costume prevented the neighbor from recognizing her
B)   If Harriett was dressed up as a pirate
C)   If the candy was placed in front of a mirror
D)   If Harriett was high in need for cognition

Question 4

Research on brainstorming suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   it is typically an effective practice, even though people often dislike doing it.
B)   it is typically an ineffective practice, even though people often enjoy doing it.
C)   it works better among very large groups than among smaller groups.
D)   it works better for disjunctive tasks than for conjunctive tasks.

Question 5

Research on the prisoner's dilemma has shown that people respond to mixed-motive situations with

Accepted Answer

A)   depression.
B)   reciprocity.
C)   duplicity.
D)   confusion.

Question 6

Which of the following concerning process loss is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lack of motivation can contribute to process loss.
B)   Lack of coordination among group members can contribute to process loss.
C)   Process loss contributes to social loafing.
D)   Process loss is restricted to disjunctive tasks.

Question 7

Ingham (1974)  asked participants to pull on a rope and found that participants pulled almost 20% harder when they thought they were pulling alone than when they thought they were part of a group. This finding best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   social loafing.
B)   a social dilemma.
C)   groupthink.
D)   social facilitation.

Question 8

Research on diversity suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   even the mere expectation of being part of a diverse group can impact performance.
B)   the benefits of diversity for group performance tend to be much greater in collectivist versus individualistic cultures.
C)   diversity is often associated with positive group dynamics.
D)   diversity often has negative effects when it comes to outcomes like market share and profits.

Question 9

Henderson suspects that the other members of his work group may slack off, so he works late and puts in extra time on their proposal. Henderson is engaging in

Accepted Answer

A)   social compensation.
B)   social facilitation.
C)   social loafing.
D)   deindividuation.

Question 10

Zajonc's model for how the presence of others influences individual performance is known as social facilitation. "Facilitation" refers to the fact that the presence of others facilitates a performer's

Accepted Answer

A)   ability to focus on the task at hand.
B)   task performance.
C)   evaluation apprehension.
D)   dominant response.

Question 11

Roles are

Accepted Answer

A)   the rules of conduct for group members.
B)   dissimilar to norms in that only roles can be formal or informal.
C)   similar to norms in that both must be present for group cohesiveness.
D)   beneficial to a group if clear, but can create stress if ambiguous.

Question 12

Deindividuation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   loss of individuality and reduction of constraints against deviant behavior.
B)   decrease in individual effort on simple group tasks.
C)   tendency for group decisions to be more extreme than the decisions of the individuals comprising the group.
D)   impairment in group decision making that results from a concern with unanimity.

Question 13

A leader who focuses his or her group on the task(s)  it needs to achieve is playing a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   facilitator role.
B)   instrumental role.
C)   normative role.
D)   expressive role.

Question 14

It seems that every Halloween night in Gotham is marred by violence and vandalism. In order to reduce the likelihood of such behavior, the leaders of Gotham should

Accepted Answer

A)   increase self-awareness by making sure everyone who goes out wears a name tag.
B)   increase anonymity by making sure that everyone who goes out wears a mask.
C)   make sure that people only venture outside in groups.
D)   create a highly stimulating environment by playing loud Halloween music over all public address systems.

Question 15

At Verbal High, the football players and cheerleaders do not get along at all. The cheerleaders think the football players are vain and superficial. The football players feel the same way about the cheerleaders. The football players and the cheerleaders seem to suffer from

Accepted Answer

A)   a resource dilemma.
B)   superordinate identities.
C)   mirror image perceptions.
D)   groupthink.

Question 16

Describe how being in a crowd can lead people to engage in destructive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Being in a crowd can cause people to los...

Question 17

Research on information processing in groups suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   if the individuals who comprise the group are prone to rely on a particular heuristic, the group will be even less likely to use this heuristic.
B)   if the individuals who comprise the group are prone to rely on a particular heuristic, the group will be even more likely to use this heuristic.
C)   regardless of the information-processing propensities of individual group members, groups are less likely than individuals to rely on heuristics.
D)   regardless of the information-processing propensities of individual group members, groups are more likely than individuals to rely on heuristics.

Question 18

_______ is referred to as when a group increases its commitment to a failing course of action in order to justify previous investments.

Accepted Answer

A)   The escalation effect
B)   Mindguarding
C)   Graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension-reduction
D)   Biased sampling

Question 19

John, George, Paul, and Richard are air traffic controllers. They encounter a stressful, anxious situation in which two planes might soon collide. Which of the following conditions would most encourage this group of air traffic controllers to display groupthink when pondering their next step?

Accepted Answer

A)   A majority decision is more acceptable than a unanimous decision.
B)   There are systematic procedures in place to handle such situations.
C)   None of them is considered to be a supervisor of any of the others.
D)   They are a cohesive group.

Question 20

Individuals from collectivist cultures are more likely to engage in social loafing

Accepted Answer

A)   when a group norm of low effort has already been established.
B)   when tasks are difficult.
C)   in groups with a majority of female members.
D)   when task orientation is high.

Exam 8: Group Processes

Research on the prisoner's dilemma has shown that people respond to mixed-motive situations with

Correct Answer
verified

A leader who focuses his or her group on the task(s) it needs to achieve is playing a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Henderson suspects that the other members of his work group may slack off, so he works late and puts in extra time on their proposal. Henderson is engaging in

Correct Answer
verified

Describe how being in a crowd can lead people to engage in destructive behaviors.

Correct Answer
verified
Being in a crowd can cause people to los...
View Answer

Zajonc's model for how the presence of others influences individual performance is known as social facilitation. "Facilitation" refers to the fact that the presence of others facilitates a performer's

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following concerning process loss is false ?

Correct Answer
verified

John, George, Paul, and Richard are air traffic controllers. They encounter a stressful, anxious situation in which two planes might soon collide. Which of the following conditions would most encourage this group of air traffic controllers to display groupthink when pondering their next step?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Individuals from collectivist cultures are more likely to engage in social loafing

Correct Answer
verified

At Verbal High, the football players and cheerleaders do not get along at all. The cheerleaders think the football players are vain and superficial. The football players feel the same way about the cheerleaders. The football players and the cheerleaders seem to suffer from

Correct Answer
verified

It seems that every Halloween night in Gotham is marred by violence and vandalism. In order to reduce the likelihood of such behavior, the leaders of Gotham should

Correct Answer
verified

Madeline has recently been accepted into a sorority at her college. She is likely to

Correct Answer
verified

Research on information processing in groups suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Ingham (1974) asked participants to pull on a rope and found that participants pulled almost 20% harder when they thought they were pulling alone than when they thought they were part of a group. This finding best illustrates

Correct Answer
verified

_______ is referred to as when a group increases its commitment to a failing course of action in order to justify previous investments.

Correct Answer
verified

Deindividuation refers to the

Correct Answer
verified

Before a meeting, each of several city council members was tentatively considering an air pollution ordinance. After a meeting, they expressed strong support of the ordinance. This outcome is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Research on diversity suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Roles are

Correct Answer
verified

Research on brainstorming suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Group Processes

Research on the prisoner's dilemma has shown that people respond to mixed-motive situations with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A leader who focuses his or her group on the task(s) it needs to achieve is playing a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Henderson suspects that the other members of his work group may slack off, so he works late and puts in extra time on their proposal. Henderson is engaging in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how being in a crowd can lead people to engage in destructive behaviors.

Correct AnswerverifiedBeing in a crowd can cause people to los...View AnswerShow Answer

Zajonc's model for how the presence of others influences individual performance is known as social facilitation. "Facilitation" refers to the fact that the presence of others facilitates a performer's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following concerning process loss is false ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

John, George, Paul, and Richard are air traffic controllers. They encounter a stressful, anxious situation in which two planes might soon collide. Which of the following conditions would most encourage this group of air traffic controllers to display groupthink when pondering their next step?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals from collectivist cultures are more likely to engage in social loafing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At Verbal High, the football players and cheerleaders do not get along at all. The cheerleaders think the football players are vain and superficial. The football players feel the same way about the cheerleaders. The football players and the cheerleaders seem to suffer from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It seems that every Halloween night in Gotham is marred by violence and vandalism. In order to reduce the likelihood of such behavior, the leaders of Gotham should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Madeline has recently been accepted into a sorority at her college. She is likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on information processing in groups suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ingham (1974) asked participants to pull on a rope and found that participants pulled almost 20% harder when they thought they were pulling alone than when they thought they were part of a group. This finding best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is referred to as when a group increases its commitment to a failing course of action in order to justify previous investments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deindividuation refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before a meeting, each of several city council members was tentatively considering an air pollution ordinance. After a meeting, they expressed strong support of the ordinance. This outcome is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on diversity suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Roles are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on brainstorming suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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verified
Being in a crowd can cause people to los...
View Answer

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