Question 1

Explain how social control is related to an internal sense of belonging within a gemeinschaft type of society.

Accepted Answer

Social control within a gemeinschaft typ...

Question 2

In a society where mechanical solidarity exists,

Accepted Answer

A)   solidarity is created by individuals playing a great variety of different roles.
B)   unity is based on role differentiation, not similarity.
C)   individuals share the same values, hold the same things sacred, and frequently play the same roles.
D)   the performance of multiple roles is necessary for the execution of society's complex and integrated functions.

Question 3

Define status inconsistency and, using an example, explain how it can impact those experiencing it.

Accepted Answer

Status inconsistency refers to a situati...

Question 4

Which of these is true about gesellschaft societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have no social cohesion.
B)   Primary relationships are dominant in society.
C)   The division of labor creates organic solidarity.
D)   Mechanical solidarity creates social control.

Question 5

Explain why the line between achieved and ascribed statuses may not be clear. Give examples of statuses that are simultaneously achieved and ascribed and explain why this is so.

Accepted Answer

The line between achieved and ascribed s...

Question 6

Sociologists distinguish six different types of societies based on

Accepted Answer

A)   the complexity of their social structure, amount of cultural accumulation, and level of technology.
B)   locations in the world and resulting geographic and climate-related characteristics.
C)   their political systems: democracy, monarchy/aristocracy, or oligarchy.
D)   their economic system-command, market, or traditional economies.

Question 7

Define roles, role conflict, and role strain and discuss examples of role conflict and role strain from your own life.

Accepted Answer

Roles refer to the behaviors, obligation...

Question 8

Explain how industrialization led to a wage gap between men and women that persists to this day.

Accepted Answer

Industrialization led to a wage gap betw...

Question 9

An immigrant from Vietnam was a lawyer in his home country. In the United States, he cannot practice law, so he drives a cab for a living. He is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   role conflict.
B)   status inconsistency.
C)   role strain.
D)   ascribed status.

Question 10

Compare and contrast achieved and ascribed statuses. Provide an example of each from your own life.

Accepted Answer

Achieved statuses are those that are ear...

Question 11

Define Durkheim's concept of collective consciousness and explain why he believed this was essential for holding society together.

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim, a prominent sociologist,...

Question 12

According to the text, functionalist theorists contend that one purpose social institutions serve is to

Accepted Answer

A)   ensure the stability and continuance of society.
B)   provide for some segments of society at the expense of others.
C)   distribute power to the various segments of society unequally.
D)   shape individual identity and personality.

Question 13

Typically, an individual occupies many statuses simultaneously, which can lead to status inconsistency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Involvement with social institutions is changing in the United States, with lower rates of involvement with faith communities, lower rates of involvement in voluntary activities, and declining marriage and birthrates. Were he alive, Durkheim might be concerned about the effects of these changes on

Accepted Answer

A)   the division of labor.
B)   collective consciousness.
C)   social structure.
D)   social interaction.

Question 15

Men and women use Facebook in about the same proportions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is not characteristic of foraging societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Simple technologies for harvesting food
B)   Being nomadic
C)   Society organized around the family
D)   Role differentiation based on gender

Question 17

Goffman's theory of dramaturgy views human experience as if it were a performance. Specifically, Goffman argues that

Accepted Answer

A)   we perform in a way that presents a consistent image of ourselves.
B)   we are unaware that we are engaging in a performance.
C)   how we present ourselves varies according to the stage we are in and the role we are performing.
D)   the only time we are not engaged in performance is with family and close friends.

Question 18

In postindustrial societies,

Accepted Answer

A)   the economy is dependent on the production and distribution of services and knowledge.
B)   there is very little social differentiation or division of labor.
C)   religion and family are the most vital social institutions.
D)   social inequality is rare.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a function of social institutions as they are understood by the functionalist perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   The socialization of new members of the society
B)   Providing members with an ultimate sense of purpose
C)   Replacement of society's members
D)   Supporting members economically

Question 20

According to E. T. Hall, who coined the term proxemic bubble to refer to our personal, three-dimensional space,

Accepted Answer

A)   we feel threatened when people we do not know enter our proxemic bubble.
B)   the proxemic bubble is largely the same size, regardless of culture.
C)   most people consciously use their proxemic bubble, especially when interacting with enemies.
D)   positive emotions tend to cause the proxemic bubble to get larger, excluding more people.

Exam 5: Social Structure and Social Interaction

Compare and contrast achieved and ascribed statuses. Provide an example of each from your own life.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAchieved statuses are those that are ear...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain why the line between achieved and ascribed statuses may not be clear. Give examples of statuses that are simultaneously achieved and ascribed and explain why this is so.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe line between achieved and ascribed s...View AnswerShow Answer

Goffman's theory of dramaturgy views human experience as if it were a performance. Specifically, Goffman argues that

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Define status inconsistency and, using an example, explain how it can impact those experiencing it.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIStatus inconsistency refers to a situati...View AnswerShow Answer

In a society where mechanical solidarity exists,

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Which of the following is not a function of social institutions as they are understood by the functionalist perspective?

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Which of the following is not characteristic of foraging societies?

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Explain how industrialization led to a wage gap between men and women that persists to this day.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIndustrialization led to a wage gap betw...View AnswerShow Answer

According to the text, functionalist theorists contend that one purpose social institutions serve is to

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Typically, an individual occupies many statuses simultaneously, which can lead to status inconsistency.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define Durkheim's concept of collective consciousness and explain why he believed this was essential for holding society together.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIEmile Durkheim, a prominent sociologist,...View AnswerShow Answer

Sociologists distinguish six different types of societies based on

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Explain how social control is related to an internal sense of belonging within a gemeinschaft type of society.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AISocial control within a gemeinschaft typ...View AnswerShow Answer

According to E. T. Hall, who coined the term proxemic bubble to refer to our personal, three-dimensional space,

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Men and women use Facebook in about the same proportions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In postindustrial societies,

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Which of these is true about gesellschaft societies?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An immigrant from Vietnam was a lawyer in his home country. In the United States, he cannot practice law, so he drives a cab for a living. He is experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define roles, role conflict, and role strain and discuss examples of role conflict and role strain from your own life.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIRoles refer to the behaviors, obligation...View AnswerShow Answer

Involvement with social institutions is changing in the United States, with lower rates of involvement with faith communities, lower rates of involvement in voluntary activities, and declining marriage and birthrates. Were he alive, Durkheim might be concerned about the effects of these changes on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Achieved statuses are those that are ear...
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The line between achieved and ascribed s...
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Status inconsistency refers to a situati...
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Industrialization led to a wage gap betw...
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Emile Durkheim, a prominent sociologist,...
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Social control within a gemeinschaft typ...
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