Question 1

The best evidence suggests that conditional relationships control behavior

Accepted Answer

A)  in only instrumental conditioning situations.
B)  in only classical conditioning situations.
C)  in both instrumental and classical conditioning situations.
D)  in neither instrumental nor classical conditioning situations; they are important only in discrimination training. C

Question 2

Context is an important determinant of learned behavior performance

Accepted Answer

A)  only when the contingency requires the subject to attend to the context.
B)  when the context is more than background cues.
C)  only when the context serves as a discriminative stimulus.
D)  even when it is truly background.

Question 3

A loud buzzer is paired with a dim light as a signal for a dog to press a lever to gain access to food. The dog quickly learns to respond to the buzzer alone, but does not learn to respond vigorously to the light alone. According to the configural-cue approach, this is because of

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of reinforcer being delivered.
B)  the type of response required of the dog.
C)  a generalization decrement from training to test trials.
D)  the evolutionary configuration of appetitive responding.

Question 4

When pigeons are trained to earn access to food in the presence of a combined light	one stimulus, the _____ is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  light
B)  tone
C)  combined light	one stimulus
D)  Stimulus control is likely to vary widely across individuals. A

Question 5

If a researcher is interested in determining with rat subjects whether the effects of alcohol are similar to the effect of opiates, she could use a procedure employing

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination training using interoceptive cues.
B)  discrimination training using transfer cues.
C)  salience training using drug cues.
D)  salience training using non-drug cues.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak-shift phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It predicts the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients overlap.
B)  It predicts behavior based on the excitatory properties of a stimulus complex.
C)  It assumes that responses to a stimulus are based on the relation of that stimulus to other cues in the situation.
D)  It predicts that the shape of a generalization gradient will change as a function of the test stimuli.

Question 7

The peak-shift phenomenon is important because it demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)  the greatest level of performance may occur in response to an untrained stimulus.
B)  excitatory conditioning may take place in response to the training S+.
C)  inhibitory conditioning may take place in response to the training S+.
D)  overshadowing effects are also present in discrimination training.

Question 8

Which of the following is not true of a modulator?

Accepted Answer

A)  A modulator signals a CS-US relationship.
B)  When a modulator is presented alone, the facilitory properties gradually extinguish.
C)  A stimulus can be a modulator without itself eliciting visible conditioned responding.
D)  The effects of a modulator can transfer to new target CSs.

Question 9

Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory or occasion setting properties of stimuli.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory...

Question 10

The stimulus-element approach assumes that

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus elements maintain their individuality in their control of behavior even when in a compound stimulus.
B)  stimulus elements maintain their individuality in their control of behavior except when in a compound stimulus.
C)  stimulus elements maintain their individuality in their control of behavior only when in a compound stimulus.
D)  stimulus elements act as a configuration to control behavior when they are presented in a compound stimulus.

Question 11

Stimulus equivalence training refers to procedures in which

Accepted Answer

A)  two different stimuli are trained to elicit different responses.
B)  the same response to two or more different stimuli results in different reinforcers.
C)  two or more different stimuli are treated in the same fashion.
D)  the same response to a single stimulus is rewarded with different outcomes.

Question 12

In an instrumental discrimination procedure, which of the following serves as a modulator?

Accepted Answer

A)  the response
B)  the S+
C)  the reinforcer
D)  the response-reinforcer relationship

Question 13

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training. The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones. Every time the students hear a middle C, they are to raise their right hands. Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

Accepted Answer

A)  be flat.
B)  rise steeply just before the middle C mark, then drop immediately after.
C)  rise to a high at middle C and remain there.
D)  gradually rise and fall, with a peak at middle C.

Question 14

Your roommate gets excited every time he receives mail. Even junk mailings bring him joy. His behavior towards the mail demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus control.
B)  stimulus discrimination.
C)  stimulus generalization.
D)  stimulus learning.

Question 15

In the presence of a tone\light cue, pigeons were trained to press a foot treadle to gain access to food or to avoid footshock. Subsequent investigations determined that responding in appetitive situations is more likely to be controlled by visual cues; responding in aversive situations by auditory cues. This demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of instrumental response required is a determinant of stimulus control.
B)  the sensory capacity of an organism is a determinant of stimulus control.
C)  the type of reinforcement is a determinant of stimulus control.
D)  the determinants of stimulus control are idiosyncratic.

Question 16

Damage to the hippocampus most severely affects which type of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term
B)  semantic
C)  episodic
D)  procedural C

Question 17

The configural-cue approach asserts that the overshadowing effect is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of instrumental response required.
B)  the ease with which one of the stimuli can be conditioned.
C)  the type of reinforcer delivered.
D)  the generalization decrement from training to test trials.

Question 18

Which of the following most resembles a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training?

Accepted Answer

A)  Responding to a tone and a light together is reinforced; responding is not reinforced to either the tone or light alone.
B)  Responding to a tone alone or light alone is reinforced, but not when they occur together.
C)  Responding when a tone, or tone-light pair is reinforced, but not to the light alone.
D)  Responding to only a tone alone or light alone is reinforced, but not both.

Question 19

According to Spence, discrimination training results in

Accepted Answer

A)  only excitatory conditioning.
B)  only inhibitory conditioning.
C)  either excitatory or inhibitory conditioning.
D)  both excitatory and inhibitory conditioning.

Question 20

In a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training

Accepted Answer

A)  cue A is reinforced, cue B is not reinforced.
B)  cue AB is reinforced, cue A is not reinforced, cue B is reinforced.
C)  cue AB is reinforced, cue A is not reinforced, cue B is not reinforced.
D)  cue B is reinforced, cue A is not reinforced.

Exam 8: Stimulus Control of Behavior

The best evidence suggests that conditional relationships control behavior

Correct Answer
verified
C

Context is an important determinant of learned behavior performance

Correct Answer
verified

A loud buzzer is paired with a dim light as a signal for a dog to press a lever to gain access to food. The dog quickly learns to respond to the buzzer alone, but does not learn to respond vigorously to the light alone. According to the configural-cue approach, this is because of

Correct Answer
verified

When pigeons are trained to earn access to food in the presence of a combined light\tone stimulus, the _____ is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Correct Answer
verified
A

If a researcher is interested in determining with rat subjects whether the effects of alcohol are similar to the effect of opiates, she could use a procedure employing

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak-shift phenomenon?

Correct Answer
verified

The peak-shift phenomenon is important because it demonstrates that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not true of a modulator?

Correct Answer
verified

Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory or occasion setting properties of stimuli.

Correct Answer
verified

The stimulus-element approach assumes that

Correct Answer
verified

Stimulus equivalence training refers to procedures in which

Correct Answer
verified

In an instrumental discrimination procedure, which of the following serves as a modulator?

Correct Answer
verified

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training. The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones. Every time the students hear a middle C, they are to raise their right hands. Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

Correct Answer
verified

Your roommate gets excited every time he receives mail. Even junk mailings bring him joy. His behavior towards the mail demonstrates

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Damage to the hippocampus most severely affects which type of memory?

Correct Answer
verified
C

The configural-cue approach asserts that the overshadowing effect is due to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following most resembles a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Spence, discrimination training results in

Correct Answer
verified

In a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Stimulus Control of Behavior

The best evidence suggests that conditional relationships control behavior

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Context is an important determinant of learned behavior performance

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A loud buzzer is paired with a dim light as a signal for a dog to press a lever to gain access to food. The dog quickly learns to respond to the buzzer alone, but does not learn to respond vigorously to the light alone. According to the configural-cue approach, this is because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When pigeons are trained to earn access to food in the presence of a combined light\tone stimulus, the _____ is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

If a researcher is interested in determining with rat subjects whether the effects of alcohol are similar to the effect of opiates, she could use a procedure employing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak-shift phenomenon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The peak-shift phenomenon is important because it demonstrates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of a modulator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory or occasion setting properties of stimuli.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stimulus-element approach assumes that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stimulus equivalence training refers to procedures in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an instrumental discrimination procedure, which of the following serves as a modulator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training. The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones. Every time the students hear a middle C, they are to raise their right hands. Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your roommate gets excited every time he receives mail. Even junk mailings bring him joy. His behavior towards the mail demonstrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the hippocampus most severely affects which type of memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The configural-cue approach asserts that the overshadowing effect is due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following most resembles a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Spence, discrimination training results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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C

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A

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C

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