Exam 21: The New Deal,1932-1940

A) By being less discriminatory in their hiring practices.
B) By investing less overseas.
C) By increasing their workers' wages.
D) By paying their taxes.
E) By letting go of their patents.

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C

A) It included aid to families with dependent children.
B) It was original in its concept and design.
C) Congress dropped the provision for national health insurance from the original bill.
D) It created a system of unemployment insurance.
E) Its coverage excluded most blacks from the program.

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A) was part of the expanded notion of civil liberties under the New Deal.
B) included liberals and unionists in its definition of "un-American."
C) focused on fascism and ultranationalists.
D) focused on racism and white supremacy in the South.
E) focused only on communists.

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A) The Wagner Act excluded African-Americans.
B) The Federal Housing Administration refused to ensure mortgages in integrated neighborhoods.
C) The abolition of the gold standard penalized more traditional family savings in bullion.
D) The Security and Exchange Commission was staffed entirely by Anglo-Americans.
E) Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced segregation to Washington, D.C., and eliminated blacks from all positions of responsibility in the federal government.

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A) FDR was not concerned that direct relief payments to the jobless would undermine self-reliance.
B) FDR preferred to create jobs that improved the nation's infrastructure.
C) FDR was at odds with most of his cabinet and the majority of Congress over the Economy Act.
D) FDR opposed the CCC, fearing its goals of unemployment relief and environmental enhancement were too ambitious for his first 100 days in office.
E) FDR preferred to create permanent jobs instead of temporary ones.

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A) It ended the policy of forced assimilation.
B) It allowed Indians cultural autonomy.
C) It continued the policy of the Dawes Act.
D) It replaced boarding schools with schools on reservations.
E) It failed to allow reservations access to irrigated water from the Grand Coulee Dam.

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A) as a set of public policy initiatives that did not result in sustained prosperity.
B) as more powerful in scope than future European welfare states.
C) for recasting the idea of American freedom to include a public guarantee of economic security for ordinary people.
D) as the key factor in Franklin D. Roosevelt's deep unpopularity with the majority of the American people by 1940.
E) A and C

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A) They wanted to participate in management decisions.
B) They were hoping that the economic crisis could be the beginning of a socialist revolution.
C) They generally preferred government employment over jobs with private businesses.
D) They were hoping to establish a set of basic civil liberties for workers.
E) Their wages were already so high that they had to find a new agenda for which to fight.

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D

A) Unions could work in cooperation with government to raise wages and create consumer demand.
B) Government could help shield Americans from economic and social insecurity through universal health care and public housing.
C) Government could not be trusted, as was made clear in 1934 when elected officials across America called on local police to break up strikes and arrest labor leaders.
D) A and B
E) It continued the AFL's tradition of organizing workers by craft to carry out multiple dialogues with the government.

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A) had ended the Depression.
B) had the full support of the Supreme Court.
C) was validated in the United States v. Butler decision.
D) faced mounting pressures and criticism.
E) was declared unconstitutional.

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A) did not believe "every man" had the right to make a comfortable living.
B) called for the repeal of Prohibition.
C) was born into privilege, but earned a reputation as representing ordinary citizens.
D) became a symbol of inspiration to many Americans who saw his confinement to a wheelchair as a strength.
E) B and C

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A) He described it as the "foundation of social justice."
B) He rejected it as a violation of his own socialist principles.
C) He dismissed it as an un-American idea "from the welfare states of Europe."
D) He denounced it as a service to the interest of "the privileged few."
E) He compared it to the civil right to marry whom you love.

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D

A) It typified New Deal public-works programs designed to keep natural resources in public rather than private control.
B) Its result, the Grand Coulee Dam, eventually produced the cheapest electricity in the nation.
C) It promoted economic growth and provided jobs.
D) Its consideration of environmental impact (such as accommodation for fish) became a model for future dam projects on western rivers.
E) For years, residents had dreamed of using the Columbia River for energy.

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A) Southern states had an enormous impact on national policy during the Depression.
B) New Deal programs largely benefited whites at the expense of blacks.
C) Blacks lost the right to vote across the South.
D) To maintain support in Congress, Roosevelt pursued legislation acceptable to southern Democrats.
E) Southerners held key leadership positions in Congress.

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A) had little influence on American public views about politics.
B) helped pave the way for the use of broadcast media to disseminate religious messages in the twentieth century.
C) was characterized by Father Charles E. Coughlin, whose show criticizing government economic intervention amounted to a "holy crusade" in support of big business and Wall Street bankers.
D) replaced traveling evangelist preachers.
E) was briefly popular before dying out before the start of WWII.

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