Question 1

What is considered to be the primary method of succession in the marine intertidal zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitation.
B)  mutualism.
C)  equilibrium.
D)  tolerance.
E)  inhibition.

Question 2

The time hypothesis suggests communities diversify with age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In 1992,mangrove forests along the southern Florida coast and the Florida Keys were severely damaged by Hurricane Andrew.Up to 94% mortality was recorded in some areas,with only a few individuals surviving.Scientists have monitored the region and by 2001,the forest canopy had closed and the main species were rapidly gaining biomass.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  island biogeography.
B)  inhibition.
C)  the diversity-stability hypothesis.
D)  primary succession.
E)  secondary succession.

Question 4

The island biogeography model of Robert MacArthur and E.O. Wilson predicts a higher value of ŝ , the equilibrium number of species, for larger islands close to a source pool and a lower value of ŝ for small islands far from the source pool. Their reasoning for these predictions is that larger islands support larger populations, lowering the risk of extinction, while closer islands have higher immigration rates because the immigrants do not have to travel as far. What other reasons could you give to justify their predictions? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Larger islands tend to support species that are more adaptable and therefore, less prone to extinction.
B)   Larger islands have a greater range of habitats and can support larger populations. 
C)   Closer islands are more likely to have intermediate levels of disturbance, increasing diversity.
D)    Closer islands are more likely to receive immigrants of species already present on the island, and this continued immigration can "rescue" species that might have otherwise gone extinct.

Question 5

What information is used to mathematically calculate species diversity? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Number of species in the community.
B)   Relative abundance of species in the community.
C)   Spatial distribution of species in the community.
D)   Frequency of disturbance in the community.
E)   Stability of the community over time.

Question 6

What is the general global pattern of species richness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing from east to west across continental land masses.
B)  Increasing from polar areas towards the tropics.
C)  Increasing from tropical seas into temperate forests.
D)  Increasing from the tropics towards polar areas.
E)  Increasing from clay soil types into organic soils.

Question 7

Community ecology is best defined as the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  plant distributions in a given region.
B)  mutual benefits between organisms at all scales in a region.
C)  the relationship between abiotic and biotic factors.
D)  how groups of species interact in the same place at the same time
E)  global scale influences of major disturbances such as volcanos.

Question 8

Community A and Community B both have 54 beetle species,but Community A has more total individuals than Community B If you were to calculate the Shannon diversity index for both communities,what would be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Community B would have a higher Shannon index value
B)  Community A would have a higher Shannon index value.
C)  Community A and B would have equal values for the Shannon index.
D)  Cannot predict the result based on this information.

Question 9

The number of bird species on islands near Papua New Guinea __________ as one gets farther from Papua New Guinea.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases
B)  decreases
C)  stays relatively constant
D)  does not show a consistent pattern

Question 10

Based on what you know about various species richness hypotheses,a large,tropical continent would likely have __________ species richness.

Accepted Answer

A)  intermmediate
B)  low
C)  uneven
D)  variable
E)  high

Question 11

You discover a subterranean river in the outback of Australia and estimate that it is at least 50 million years old.You gather a crew of scientists to perform traditional species sampling of the river as well as modern techniques to calculate microbial diversity.The results indicate that the river is extremely diverse - you even get to name a new species of shrimp after yourself! During one of your many interviews,you are asked to explain the high diversity of the subterranean river.What hypothesis would you most likely cite?

Accepted Answer

A)  The time hypothesis.
B)  The area hypothesis.
C)  The productivity hypothesis.
D)  The diversity-stability hypothesis.

Question 12

Examine the figure above.In the continental U.S. ,the dark green patches show areas with the highest bird species richness.Why would these areas be so species-rich?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because these areas have the highest temperatures in the continental U.S.
B)  Because these areas have mountainous terrain,which creates many habitat types.
C)  Because in these areas,mountain tops act like islands,accelerating speciation.
D)  Because these areas have low frequencies of extreme weather events and fire.

Question 13

What is an area of the Earth's surface currently undergoing primary succession?

Accepted Answer

A)  Old orange groves in FloridA.
B)  Redwood forests along the northwestern U.S.coast.
C)  Volcanoes in Iceland.
D)  Shallow seas with low productivity.

Question 14

In succession,the ability of one species to make the area more suitable for another species is called

Accepted Answer

A)  tolerance.
B)  climax succession.
C)  inhibition.
D)  facilitation.
E)  mutualism.

Question 15

In the Shannon diversity index,communities with a very uneven distribution of individuals will tend to have a higher H.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 45: Community Ecology

Examine the figure above.In the continental U.S. ,the dark green patches show areas with the highest bird species richness.Why would these areas be so species-rich?

Correct Answer
verified

Community A and Community B both have 54 beetle species,but Community A has more total individuals than Community B If you were to calculate the Shannon diversity index for both communities,what would be the result?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the Shannon diversity index,communities with a very uneven distribution of individuals will tend to have a higher H.

Correct Answer
verified

Community ecology is best defined as the study of

Correct Answer
verified

In succession,the ability of one species to make the area more suitable for another species is called

Correct Answer
verified

The time hypothesis suggests communities diversify with age.

Correct Answer
verified

What information is used to mathematically calculate species diversity? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the general global pattern of species richness?

Correct Answer
verified

The number of bird species on islands near Papua New Guinea __________ as one gets farther from Papua New Guinea.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Based on what you know about various species richness hypotheses,a large,tropical continent would likely have __________ species richness.

Correct Answer
verified

What is an area of the Earth's surface currently undergoing primary succession?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What is considered to be the primary method of succession in the marine intertidal zone?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 45: Community Ecology

Examine the figure above.In the continental U.S. ,the dark green patches show areas with the highest bird species richness.Why would these areas be so species-rich?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Community A and Community B both have 54 beetle species,but Community A has more total individuals than Community B If you were to calculate the Shannon diversity index for both communities,what would be the result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Shannon diversity index,communities with a very uneven distribution of individuals will tend to have a higher H.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Community ecology is best defined as the study of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In succession,the ability of one species to make the area more suitable for another species is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time hypothesis suggests communities diversify with age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What information is used to mathematically calculate species diversity? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the general global pattern of species richness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of bird species on islands near Papua New Guinea __________ as one gets farther from Papua New Guinea.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on what you know about various species richness hypotheses,a large,tropical continent would likely have __________ species richness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is an area of the Earth's surface currently undergoing primary succession?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is considered to be the primary method of succession in the marine intertidal zone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified