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Service technologies are considered to be labor and knowledge intensive, while manufacturing technologies tend to be capital asset intensive.

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Large-batch production is considered to have greater technical complexity than small-batch production on Woodward's scale.

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____ means providing exactly the service each customer wants and needs.


A) Service complexity
B) Customized output
C) Mass customization
D) CAM

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The Verification Department of the Internal Revenue Service checks the mathematics on returns and notes any discrepancies; this department would fit into which of Perrow's quadrants?


A) Craft
B) Routine
C) Engineering
D) Nonroutine

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The goal of the sociotechnical systems approach is to design the organization for:


A) joint optimization.
B) reengineering.
C) self-regulation of advanced technology.
D) strong organization culture.

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Using an organization you are familiar with (from your readings or personal experience), place its departments in the quadrants of Perrow's framework. What two factors are used to determine placement of a department in a quadrant? Explain how you applied these two factors in placing your organization's departments in the framework.

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"Technology" could be considered to be the tools, techniques, and actions that are used to transform organizational inputs into outputs.

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Assume you are the supervisor of workers who have very limited education and experience, and that their work is routine. Generally you would:


A) be able to handle only a narrow span of control.
B) strive for low centralization and low formalization.
C) use the human relations model.
D) be able to have a wide span of control.

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The technology employed by an oil explorer of using an "internal divining rod" to decide where to begin drilling operations would be called a(n) ____ technology.


A) routine
B) craft
C) engineering
D) high analyzability

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____ is defined as designing the social and technical systems to fit the needs of one another.


A) Job design
B) Joint optimization
C) Coordination
D) Variety

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Since decision making, communication, and coordination problems are greatest for reciprocal interdependence, reciprocal interdependence should receive last priority in organization structure.

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Span of control is the number of employees who report to a single manager or supervisor and is normally influenced by departmental technology.

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In football, the interdependence may be termed:


A) pooled because management must select individual players and develop their skills.
B) sequential because plays are run sequentially and events during the plays occur sequentially.
C) reciprocal because mutual adjustments must be made by the players.
D) sporadic, because it is really a game of individual talents.

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Service organizations can achieve their greatest economies through:


A) centralization of services.
B) geographic concentration.
C) disaggregation into small units located close to customers.
D) centralized decision making.

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Failing to adopt appropriate technologies to support strategy, or adopting a new technology and failing to realign strategy to match it, can lead to poor performance.

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Perrow is most concerned with which of the following?


A) Two aspects of technology: variety and analyzability.
B) Two types of structures that seem to determine which technology is best.
C) Two aspects of environment that call for a particular structure.
D) Two types of structure that seem to determine which environment should be enacted.

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Discuss the six questions employees are normally asked to show how departmental technology can be analyzed for determining its placement on Perrow's technology framework.

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Sequential interdependence exists when the output of operation A is the input of operation B, and the output of operation B is the input back again to operation A.

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_____ technologies have high task variety, and the conversion process is not analyzable or well understood.


A) Nonroutine
B) Routine
C) Engineering
D) Craft

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Using Perrow's framework, in which category would you most likely find the strategic planning department of Dow Chemical Co.?


A) Craft
B) Nonroutine
C) Engineering
D) Routine

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