Question 1

Very similar to the organizational behavior found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions and environmental organizations),collective behavior also has an official division of labor,hierarchy of authority,and established rules and procedures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A(n)  __________ is a form of crowd behavior that occurs when a large number of people react to a real or perceived threat with strong emotions and self-destructive behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   panic
B)   riot
C)   mob
D)   aggregate

Question 3

In the __________ stage of a social movement,an organizational structure develops and a paid staff begins to lead the group.

Accepted Answer

A)   preliminary (incipiency) 
B)   coalescence
C)   institutionalization (bureaucratization) 
D)   intermediate

Question 4

As __________ suggested,when a change in the material culture occurs
In society,a period of cultural lag follows in which the nonmaterial
(ideological)  culture has not caught up with material development.

Accepted Answer

A)   Georg Simmel
B)   George Herbert Mead
C)   William Ogburn
D)   Steven Buechler

Question 5

The Internet,cellular phones,and satellite systems all contribute to the:

Accepted Answer

A)   causation of acting behavior
B)   impetus of mass behavior
C)   stimulus of riot behavior
D)   spread of rumors

Question 6

Distinguish between crowds and masses,and the influence of dominant emotions.

Accepted Answer

People engaging in collective behavior m...

Question 7

Describe social movements and note when and where they are most likely to develop.

Accepted Answer

Although collective behavior is short-li...

Question 8

__________ movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   Alternative
B)   Religious (expressive) 
C)   Revolutionary
D)   Reform

Question 9

Examples of __________ movements are groups organized since the 1950s to oppose school integration,civil rights and affirmative action legislation,and domestic partnership initiatives.

Accepted Answer

A)   alternative
B)   reform
C)   resistance (regressive) 
D)   revolutionary

Question 10

Differentiate among the five major types of social movements based on their goals and the amount of change they seek to produce.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists distinguish among movements...

Question 11

__________ is defined as a currently valued style of behavior,thinking,or appearance.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mass behavior
B)   A fad
C)   Fashion
D)   Public opinion

Question 12

Worshipers at religious revival services; mourners lining the streets when a celebrity,public official,or religious leader has died; and revelers assembled at Mardi Gras or at Times Square in New York on New Year's Eve are examples of a(n)  __________ crowd.

Accepted Answer

A)   conventional
B)   acting
C)   expressive
D)   casual C

Question 13

Some natural disasters are exacerbated by human decisions.A human-made disaster results in part from decisions relating to planning and budgetary priorities,and the importance of emergency preparedness.__________ refers to a framework of systems,such as transportation and utilities,that makes it possible to have specific land uses and a built environment that support people's daily activities.

Accepted Answer

A)   Institutions
B)   Government
C)   Superstructure
D)   Infrastructure

Question 14

Resource mobilization theory is based on the assumption that a social movement is an interactive,symbolically defined,and negotiated process that involves participants,opponents,and bystanders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Define mass behavior and outline the most frequent types of this behavior.

Accepted Answer

Not all collective behavior takes place ...

Question 16

Identify and describe casual,conventional,expressive,acting,and protest crowds.

Accepted Answer

Sociologist Herbert Blumer developed a typology in which crowds are divided into four categories:
(1)Casual crowds are relatively large gatherings of people,who happen to be in the same place at the same time; if they interact at all,it is only briefly.People in a shopping mall or a subway car are examples of casual crowds.Other than sharing a momentary interest,a casual crowd has nothing in common.
(2)Conventional crowds are made up of people who come together for a scheduled event and thus share a common focus.Examples include religious services,graduation ceremonies,concerts,and college lectures.Each of these events has preestablished schedules and norms.Because these events occur regularly,interaction among participants is much more likely; in turn,the events would not occur without the crowd,which is essential to the event.
(3)Expressive crowds provide opportunities for the expression of some strong emotion (such as joy,excitement,or grief).People release their pent-up emotions in conjunction with other persons experiencing similar emotions.Examples include worshippers at religious revival services; mourners lining the streets when a celebrity,public official,or religious leader has died; and revelers assembled at Mardi Gras or on New Year's Eve at Times Square in New York.
(4)Acting crowds are collectivities so intensely focused on a specific purpose or object that they may erupt into violent or destructive behavior.Mobs,riots,and panics are examples of acting crowds.A mob is a highly emotional crowd whose members engage in,or are ready to engage in,violence against a specific target-a person,a category of people,or physical property.Mob behavior in the U.S.has included lynchings,fire bombings,effigy hangings,and hate crimes.Mob violence tends to dissipate relatively quickly once a target has been injured,killed,or destroyed.Compared with mob actions,riots may be of somewhat longer duration.A riot is violent crowd behavior that is fueled by deep-seated emotions but not directed at one specific target.Riots are often triggered by fear,anger,and hostility.A panic is a form of crowd behavior that occurs when a large number of people react to a real or perceived threat with strong emotions and self-destructive behavior.Sociologists Clark McPhail and Ronald Wohlstein added protest crowds to the four types of crowds identified by Blumer.Protest crowds engage in activities intended to achieve specific political goals.Examples include sit-ins,marches,boycotts,blockades,and strikes.Some protests take the form of civil disobedience-nonviolent action that seeks to change a policy or law by refusing to comply with it.

Question 17

Religious (expressive) movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.For example,early in the 20ᵗʰ century,the Women's Christian Temperance Union attempted to get people to abstain from drinking alcoholic beverages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 18

Ethnocentrism emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s out of the feminist,peace,and ecology movements.It is based on the belief that patriarchy is a root cause of environmental problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Examples of __________ crowds include sit-ins,marches,boycotts,blockades,and strikes.

Accepted Answer

A)   rebel
B)   revolutionary
C)   militant
D)   protest

Question 20

Developed by sociologist Neil Smelser,__________ theory is based on the assumption that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement.

Accepted Answer

A)   relative deprivation
B)   value-added
C)   resource mobilization
D)   social constructionist

Exam 20: Collective Behavior,Social Movements,and Social Change

Very similar to the organizational behavior found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions and environmental organizations),collective behavior also has an official division of labor,hierarchy of authority,and established rules and procedures.

Correct Answer
verified

A(n) __________ is a form of crowd behavior that occurs when a large number of people react to a real or perceived threat with strong emotions and self-destructive behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

In the __________ stage of a social movement,an organizational structure develops and a paid staff begins to lead the group.

Correct Answer
verified

As __________ suggested,when a change in the material culture occurs In society,a period of cultural lag follows in which the nonmaterial (ideological) culture has not caught up with material development.

Correct Answer
verified

The Internet,cellular phones,and satellite systems all contribute to the:

Correct Answer
verified

Distinguish between crowds and masses,and the influence of dominant emotions.

Correct Answer
verified
People engaging in collective behavior m...
View Answer

Describe social movements and note when and where they are most likely to develop.

Correct Answer
verified
Although collective behavior is short-li...
View Answer

__________ movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Examples of __________ movements are groups organized since the 1950s to oppose school integration,civil rights and affirmative action legislation,and domestic partnership initiatives.

Correct Answer
verified

Differentiate among the five major types of social movements based on their goals and the amount of change they seek to produce.

Correct Answer
verified
Sociologists distinguish among movements...
View Answer

__________ is defined as a currently valued style of behavior,thinking,or appearance.

Correct Answer
verified

Worshipers at religious revival services; mourners lining the streets when a celebrity,public official,or religious leader has died; and revelers assembled at Mardi Gras or at Times Square in New York on New Year's Eve are examples of a(n) __________ crowd.

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Resource mobilization theory is based on the assumption that a social movement is an interactive,symbolically defined,and negotiated process that involves participants,opponents,and bystanders.

Correct Answer
verified

Define mass behavior and outline the most frequent types of this behavior.

Correct Answer
verified
Not all collective behavior takes place ...
View Answer

Identify and describe casual,conventional,expressive,acting,and protest crowds.

Religious (expressive) movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.For example,early in the 20ᵗʰ century,the Women's Christian Temperance Union attempted to get people to abstain from drinking alcoholic beverages.

Correct Answer
verified
False

Ethnocentrism emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s out of the feminist,peace,and ecology movements.It is based on the belief that patriarchy is a root cause of environmental problems.

Correct Answer
verified

Examples of __________ crowds include sit-ins,marches,boycotts,blockades,and strikes.

Correct Answer
verified

Developed by sociologist Neil Smelser,__________ theory is based on the assumption that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 20: Collective Behavior,Social Movements,and Social Change

Very similar to the organizational behavior found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions and environmental organizations),collective behavior also has an official division of labor,hierarchy of authority,and established rules and procedures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) __________ is a form of crowd behavior that occurs when a large number of people react to a real or perceived threat with strong emotions and self-destructive behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the __________ stage of a social movement,an organizational structure develops and a paid staff begins to lead the group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As __________ suggested,when a change in the material culture occurs In society,a period of cultural lag follows in which the nonmaterial (ideological) culture has not caught up with material development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Internet,cellular phones,and satellite systems all contribute to the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish between crowds and masses,and the influence of dominant emotions.

Correct AnswerverifiedPeople engaging in collective behavior m...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe social movements and note when and where they are most likely to develop.

Correct AnswerverifiedAlthough collective behavior is short-li...View AnswerShow Answer

__________ movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examples of __________ movements are groups organized since the 1950s to oppose school integration,civil rights and affirmative action legislation,and domestic partnership initiatives.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Differentiate among the five major types of social movements based on their goals and the amount of change they seek to produce.

Correct AnswerverifiedSociologists distinguish among movements...View AnswerShow Answer

__________ is defined as a currently valued style of behavior,thinking,or appearance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Worshipers at religious revival services; mourners lining the streets when a celebrity,public official,or religious leader has died; and revelers assembled at Mardi Gras or at Times Square in New York on New Year's Eve are examples of a(n) __________ crowd.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Resource mobilization theory is based on the assumption that a social movement is an interactive,symbolically defined,and negotiated process that involves participants,opponents,and bystanders.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define mass behavior and outline the most frequent types of this behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedNot all collective behavior takes place ...View AnswerShow Answer

Identify and describe casual,conventional,expressive,acting,and protest crowds.

Religious (expressive) movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.For example,early in the 20ᵗʰ century,the Women's Christian Temperance Union attempted to get people to abstain from drinking alcoholic beverages.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Ethnocentrism emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s out of the feminist,peace,and ecology movements.It is based on the belief that patriarchy is a root cause of environmental problems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examples of __________ crowds include sit-ins,marches,boycotts,blockades,and strikes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Developed by sociologist Neil Smelser,__________ theory is based on the assumption that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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People engaging in collective behavior m...
View Answer

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Although collective behavior is short-li...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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Sociologists distinguish among movements...
View Answer

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C

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Correct Answer
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Not all collective behavior takes place ...
View Answer

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False

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Correct Answer
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