Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of adaptive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   conceptual skills
B)   practical skills
C)   social skills
D)   motor skills

Question 2

Gifted children are

Accepted Answer

A)   highly intelligent.
B)   socially maladjusted.
C)   superior or talented.
D)   Both A and C are correct.

Question 3

What type of thinking is required when trying to determine who you should hire from a stack of fifty resumes?

Accepted Answer

A)   convergent
B)   conceptual
C)   automatic
D)   divergent

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT be a defining property of the prototype of an airplane?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is used for transportation.
B)   It has tires.
C)   It is silver.
D)   It has an engine.

Question 5

You have been asked to review a set of test items that are being considered for a standardized intelligence test. The test constructors want to eliminate all items that contain any possible cultural bias. With this task in mind, which of the following questions would you eliminate first?

Accepted Answer

A)   In what ways are boats and trains the same?
B)   What would you wear if it were very cold outside?
C)   What is the name of the main character in the Wizard of Oz?
D)   What do flowers and trees have in common?

Question 6

Critics of the work of Benjamin Whorf maintain that

Accepted Answer

A)   linguistic predispositions are universal.
B)   all cultures essentially share the same linguistic experiences.
C)   language determines how we think about our world.
D)   people's perceptions are independent of the words they know.

Question 7

What is the main difference between an algorithm and a heuristic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Only algorithms enhance learning.
B)   Heuristics take much more time than algorithms.
C)   An algorithm always leads to a correct solution, while a heuristic does not.
D)   Heuristics are effective for small problems, while algorithms are only used for complex ones.

Question 8

Human beings will often reason from the specific to the general. That is, people often form general rules and concepts based on specific experiences and examples. This type of reasoning is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   deductive.
B)   retrospective.
C)   inductive.
D)   descriptive.

Question 9

When the field of cognitive psychology first became prominent, it was considered a revolutionary development because it was a radical departure from

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism.
B)   psychoanalysis.
C)   the study of mental processes.
D)   the study of artificial intelligence.

Question 10

Challenges to writing culturally-fair test questions include ________ factors.

Accepted Answer

A)   time
B)   language
C)   experience
D)   All of these.

Question 11

If a child's mental age is higher than her chronological age, this means that

Accepted Answer

A)   her IQ is higher than normal.
B)   her IQ is about average.
C)   her IQ is lower than average.
D)   a mistake has occurred since this result is not possible.

Question 12

Discuss the type of thinking involved in creativity and describe some characteristics of creative people.

Accepted Answer

Creativity involves divergent thinking (...

Question 13

Although used often, the comparison between the computer and human information processing is oversimplified. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)   Computers are currently unable to perform any tasks better than humans.
B)   Computer information is far too complex for such a comparison to be accurate.
C)   Computer information is too mathematically based for such a comparison to be accurate.
D)   Computer information input is pre-coded and ambiguities are removed before processing.

Question 14

Approaches that attempt to explain observable behavior by investigating mental processes fall under ________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalytic
B)   behavioral
C)   cognitive
D)   biological

Question 15

Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans. You counter her argument with the mention of ________, a task that only humans can perform. ?

Accepted Answer

A)   developing new learning goals
B)   prescribing medical treatments
C)   evaluating loan applications
D)   diagnosing medical illnesses

Question 16

Which activity probably requires mindfulness?

Accepted Answer

A)   riding a bike
B)   combing your hair
C)   brushing your teeth
D)   studying psychology

Question 17

Most hunches are the result of lucky guesses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Positive moods are related to divergent thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A high school football coach decides to use the time taken to run up 100 stairs as a test for running endurance. He tests every team member on three consecutive days and finds that the times for each person are very much the same on all three trials. His test for endurance appears to have good

Accepted Answer

A)   validity.
B)   generalizability.
C)   reliability.
D)   All of these.

Question 20

In everyday situations, finding and framing problems can be difficult because most real-life problems

Accepted Answer

A)   are vague and ill-defined.
B)   suggest complex operations need to be employed.
C)   cannot be solved by the average person.
D)   All of these.

Exam 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

A high school football coach decides to use the time taken to run up 100 stairs as a test for running endurance. He tests every team member on three consecutive days and finds that the times for each person are very much the same on all three trials. His test for endurance appears to have good

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of thinking is required when trying to determine who you should hire from a stack of fifty resumes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have been asked to review a set of test items that are being considered for a standardized intelligence test. The test constructors want to eliminate all items that contain any possible cultural bias. With this task in mind, which of the following questions would you eliminate first?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a child's mental age is higher than her chronological age, this means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main difference between an algorithm and a heuristic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which activity probably requires mindfulness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of adaptive behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approaches that attempt to explain observable behavior by investigating mental processes fall under ________ psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Critics of the work of Benjamin Whorf maintain that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your roommate argues that computers can perform several complex tasks better and more accurately than humans. You counter her argument with the mention of ________, a task that only humans can perform. ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would NOT be a defining property of the prototype of an airplane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Human beings will often reason from the specific to the general. That is, people often form general rules and concepts based on specific experiences and examples. This type of reasoning is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the field of cognitive psychology first became prominent, it was considered a revolutionary development because it was a radical departure from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although used often, the comparison between the computer and human information processing is oversimplified. Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most hunches are the result of lucky guesses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gifted children are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the type of thinking involved in creativity and describe some characteristics of creative people.

Correct AnswerverifiedCreativity involves divergent thinking (...View AnswerShow Answer

In everyday situations, finding and framing problems can be difficult because most real-life problems

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Challenges to writing culturally-fair test questions include ________ factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Positive moods are related to divergent thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Creativity involves divergent thinking (...
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