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The nurse is examining only the rectal area of a woman and should place the woman in what position?


A) Lithotomy position
B) Prone position
C) Left lateral decubitus position
D) Bending over the table while standing

Correct Answer

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The nurse is caring for a newborn infant.Thirty hours after birth,the infant passes a dark green meconium stool.The nurse recognizes that this is important because:


A) this stool would indicate anal patency.
B) the dark green color could indicate occult blood in the stool.
C) meconium stool can be reflective of distress in the newborn.
D) the newborn should have passed the first stool within 12 hours after birth.

Correct Answer

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The nurse is performing an examination of the anus and rectum.Which of these statements is correct and important to remember during this examination?


A) The rectum is about 8 cm long.
B) The anorectal junction cannot be palpated.
C) Above the anal canal, the rectum turns anteriorly.
D) There are no sensory nerves in the anal canal or rectum.

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A 70-year-old man is visiting the clinic for difficulty in passing urine.In the history he indicates he has to urinate frequently,especially at night.He has burning when he urinates and has noticed pain in his back.Given this history,what might the nurse expect to find during the physical assessment?


A) Asymmetric, hard, fixed prostate gland
B) Occult blood and perianal pain to palpation
C) Symmetrically enlarged, soft prostate gland
D) A soft nodule protruding from rectal mucosa

Correct Answer

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During a history,the patient states,"It really hurts back there,and sometimes it itches,too.I have even seen blood on the tissue when I have a bowel movement.Is there something there?" The nurse should expect to see which of these upon examination of the anus?


A) Rectal prolapse
B) Internal hemorrhoid
C) External hemorrhoid that has resolved
D) External hemorrhoid that is thrombosed

Correct Answer

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During a discussion for a men's health group,the nurse relates that the group with the highest incidence of prostate cancer is:


A) Asian Americans.
B) African-Americans.
C) American Indians.
D) Hispanics.

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During an assessment of a 20-year-old man,the nurse finds a small palpable lesion with a tuft of hair located directly over the coccyx.The nurse knows that this lesion would most likely be a:


A) polyp.
B) pruritus ani.
C) carcinoma.
D) pilonidal cyst.

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D

The nurse is palpating the prostate gland through the rectum and notices an abnormal finding if which of these is present?


A) Palpable central groove
B) Tenderness to palpation
C) Heart shape
D) Elastic and rubbery consistency

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The structure that secretes a thin,milky alkaline fluid to enhance the viability of sperm is the:


A) Cowper's gland.
B) prostate gland.
C) median sulcus.
D) bulbourethral gland.

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B

The nurse notices that a patient has had a pale,yellow,greasy stool,or steatorrhea,and recalls that this is caused by:


A) occult bleeding.
B) absent bile pigment.
C) increased fat content.
D) ingestion of bismuth preparations.

Correct Answer

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A 40-year-old black man is in the office for his annual physical.Which statement regarding the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test is true,according to the American Cancer Society? The PSA:


A) should be done with this visit.
B) should be done at age 45 years.
C) should be done at age 50 years.
D) is only necessary if there is a family history of prostate cancer.

Correct Answer

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While doing an assessment of the perianal area of a patient,the nurse notices that the pigmentation of anus is darker than surrounding skin,the anal opening is closed,and there is a skin sac that is shiny and blue.The patient mentioned that he has had pain with bowel movements and has noted some spots of blood occasionally.What would this assessment and history be most likely to indicate?


A) Anal fistula
B) Pilonidal cyst
C) Rectal prolapse
D) Thrombosed hemorrhoid

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D

A 30-year-old woman is visiting the clinic because of "pain in my bottom when I have a bowel movement." The nurse should assess for which problem?


A) Pinworms
B) Hemorrhoids
C) Colon cancer
D) Fecal incontinence

Correct Answer

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While performing a rectal examination,the nurse notices a firm,irregularly shaped mass.What should the nurse do next?


A) Continue with the examination and document the finding in the chart.
B) Instruct patient to return for repeat assessment in 1 month.
C) Tell the patient that a mass was felt but it is nothing to worry about.
D) Report the finding and refer the patient to a specialist for further examination.

Correct Answer

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Which of these statements about the anal canal is true? The anal canal:


A) is about 2 cm long in the adult.
B) slants backward toward the sacrum.
C) contains hair and sebaceous glands.
D) is the outlet for the gastrointestinal tract.

Correct Answer

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A patient who is visiting the clinic complains of having "stomach pains for 2 weeks" and describes his stools as being "soft and black" for about the last 10 days.He denies taking any medications.The nurse is aware that these symptoms are most indicative of:


A) excessive fat caused by malabsorption.
B) increased iron intake resulting from a change in diet.
C) occult blood resulting from gastrointestinal bleeding.
D) absent bile pigment from liver problems.

Correct Answer

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During an assessment of the newborn,the nurse expects to see which finding when the anal area is slightly stroked?


A) A jerking of the legs
B) Flexion of the knees
C) A quick contraction of the sphincter
D) Relaxation of the external sphincter

Correct Answer

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A 62-year-old man is experiencing fever,chills,malaise,urinary frequency,and urgency.He also reports urethral discharge and a dull aching pain in the perineal and rectal area.These symptoms are most consistent with which of the following?


A) Prostatitis
B) A polyp
C) Carcinoma of the prostate
D) Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

Correct Answer

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The nurse is performing a digital examination of a patient's prostate gland and notices that characteristics of a normal prostate gland include which of the following? Select all that apply.


A) The gland protruding 1 cm into the rectum
B) Heart-shaped with a palpable central groove
C) Flat with no groove palpable
D) Boggy and soft consistency
E) Smooth surface, elastic, or rubbery consistency
F) Fixed mobility

Correct Answer

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During a digital examination of the rectum,the nurse notices that the patient has hard feces in the rectum.The patient complains of feeling "full," has a distended abdomen,and states that she has not had a bowel movement "for several days." The nurse suspects which condition?


A) Rectal polyp
B) Fecal impaction
C) Rectal abscess
D) Rectal prolapse

Correct Answer

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