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The key to direct lobbying is to focus on:


A) converting opponents into supporters.
B) undecided legislators.
C) legislators who already share the group's policy goals.
D) legislators who are willing to accept campaign contributions.
E) legislators who are ambitious and seek higher office in the future.

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When an interest group contacts a public official and tries to influence public policy, it is engaged in:


A) electioneering.
B) lobbying.
C) pluralism.
D) external strategy.
E) collusion.

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Very few Americans, other than the rich and powerful, belong to interest groups or have groups that lobby on their behalf.

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What is a common goal of mass protests?


A) to draw media attention to help publicize the group's goals
B) to create public confusion about a controversial issue
C) to generate enough anger for a recall election
D) to reduce political apathy among most citizens and improve the democratic process
E) to undermine American values and the American political system

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It is legal for an interest group's employees or members to lobby on the group's behalf.

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Which of the following is NOT a regulation that interest groups must follow?


A) Interest groups who intend on lobbying Congress must receive a permit from the Supreme Court first.
B) Most executive and legislative branch employees who leave government for a group cannot lobby their former office for at least a year.
C) A group that engages in lobbying must file annual reports identifying its clients and specifying how much each client paid.
D) Groups must file reports listing staff members who spent more than 20 percent of their time lobbying Congress.
E) Former U.S. House and Senate members must wait two years after leaving office before they can lobby Congress.

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Lobbying not only involves using reports and information but can also include protests.

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What are the different resources available to interest groups? Based on the resources that interest groups possess, do you tend to agree or disagree with the theory of pluralism? That is, do groups with different interests and resources tend to check and balance each other, or do some groups have an advantage over others based on their resources? Use examples to support your argument.

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Interest groups have access to a variety...

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Which of the following is a concern about how interest groups use the ballot initiative process?


A) It is generally a waste of the group's time, effort, and resources.
B) It allows states to undermine federal law.
C) It circumvents the legislators who are supposed to represent voters.
D) It favors groups with many monetary resources.
E) It is used mainly as a pressure tactic to show politicians that interest groups do not need them and can usurp their power.

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The National Beer Wholesalers Association (NBWA) is an example of:


A) a labor group.
B) a trade association.
C) a citizens' group.
D) a private group.
E) a professional association.

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What does the term "revolving door" refer to?


A) the nature of interest group influence in Washington
B) movement of personnel between the government and interest groups
C) the policy expertise of interest group staff members
D) individuals who move between the private sector and interest groups
E) the frequent firing and rehiring of staff in the interest group community

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A(n) ________ focuses on tactics used in Washington, while a(n) ________ focuses on working outside of Washington to accomplish policy goals.


A) inside strategy; lobbying strategy
B) outside strategy; lobbying strategy
C) inside strategy; outside strategy
D) outside strategy; inside strategy
E) lobbying strategy; outside strategy

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The logic of collective action makes it clear that people will automatically form groups when they have a common interest.

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By joining the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) , you receive travel and insurance discounts. These discounts are an example of what?


A) solidary benefits
B) selective incentives
C) public goods
D) informational benefits
E) purposive benefits

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What does it mean when someone describes the United States as an interest group state?


A) Interest groups influence most public policy decisions.
B) Most Americans participate in politics primarily through interest groups.
C) Most interest groups are not in an organized state.
D) Interest groups are typically organized around a narrow interest.
E) There are interest groups in all 50 states.

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In a situation known as the "revolving door," the people most qualified to work in a particular field are likely to have a conflict of interest when they move between government and an interest group.

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When an interest group's leadership is concentrated in its headquarters, it has a ________ organizational structure.


A) centralized
B) latent
C) confederal
D) peak association
E) mass association

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