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Exam 8: Global Stratification.

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Question 61

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In relation to economic inequality, the dependency theory, world systems theory, and the new international division of labor theory are perspectives rooted in the __________ approach.

A) postmodern
B) functionalist
C) symbolic interactionist
D) conflict

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Question 62

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In the fourth stage of economic development referred to as __________, economic advisor Walt Rostow stated that there would be a corresponding high standard of living.

A) technological maturity stage
B) traditional stage
C) high mass consumption stage
D) take-off stage

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Question 63

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Many poor women worldwide do not have access to commercial credit and have been trained only in traditionally female skills that produce low wages. These factors have contributed to the __________, whereby women around the world tend to be more impoverished than men.

According to the dependency theory, the high-income, more-developed nations can improve their standard of living only with a period of intensive economic growth and accompanying changes in people's beliefs, values, and attitudes toward work.

According to the new international division of labor theory, commodity production is being split into fragments that can be assigned to whichever part of the world can provide the most profitable combination of capital and labor.

_____ is the movement of jobs and economic resources from one nation to another.

The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about 12 years less than that of people in high-income countries; moreover, the life expectancy of people in low-income countries is as much as 23 years less than that of people in high-income countries.

An increase in the __________ means that a nation is moving toward economic development, which typically includes the improved exploitation of natural resources by industrial development.

Describe global inequality in relation to the new international division of labor theory.

__________ poverty is measured by comparing personal or household income or expenses with the cost of buying a given quantity of goods and services.

Many poor women worldwide also do not have access to commercial credit and have been trained only in traditionally female skills that produce low wages. These factors have contributed to the global feminization of poverty, whereby women around the world tend to be more impoverished than men.

Low-income countries are primarily hunting and gathering nations with some industrialization and moderate levels of national and personal income.

__________ are nations characterized by highly industrialized economies; technologically advanced industrial, administrative, and service occupations; and relatively high levels of national and per capita income.

People living in the __________, the poorest countries, have little or no industrialization and the lowest standards of living, shortest life expectancies, and highest rates of mortality.

The _______ plan, named after a U.S. Secretary of State provided massive sums of money in direct aid and loans to rebuild the European economic base destroyed during World War II.

Research shows that migrants from a poor country to a less poor one are better off economically than those who move from lower-income to higher-income nations.

Discuss global poverty and its effects upon human development issues of life expectancy, health, and education.

What is south to south and south to north migration? What are the typical characteristics of people who move from one poor nation to a slightly less poor one?

For low-income nations in a state of economic transition, data on income and levels of consumption are typically difficult to obtain and are often ambiguous when they are available. Defining levels of poverty involves several dimensions. Which of the following was not a dimension cited?

Average life expectancy has increased by about a third in the past three decades and is now more than 70 years in __________ countries.