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Research designs that are set up to follow participants over extended periods of time are known as …


A) experimental
B) archival
C) cross-sectional
D) longitudinal

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The type of realism requires that experimental participants be fully involved and absorbed by the experiment and interpret the manipulations in just the ways that the researcher had envisioned is called …


A) mundane realism
B) experimental realism
C) virtual realism
D) manipulative realism

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If an experiment resembles the real world, it is high in …


A) experimental realism
B) mundane realism
C) controlled realism
D) preferred realism

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Random assignment means that …


A) the same participants are used in all of the conditions of an experiment
B) everyone who participates in an experiment has an equal chance to be assigned to any of its conditions
C) participants are allowed to select whether they will be in the experimental or control group
D) none of the above

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The methodology that uses existing data that have often been collected for other purppose is …


A) correlational techniques
B) experimental designs
C) case studies
D) archival research

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Some researchers believe that it is best to use multiple operationalizations to define complex concepts related to intimate relationships because ...


A) it enhances stasticial power
B) single operationalizations tap into a limited set of features
C) quantity is always better than quality
D) the more used, the more likely the researcher will find significant differences even if they are not central to the study

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Kalei recently read in one of her textbooks that direct eye contact can be interpreted differently across cultures. She starts observing people around her and now believes that couples in love spend more time looking into each others' eyes. Kalei had come up with a/an __________about the relationship between gaze and love.


A) theory
B) hypothesis
C) unnformed decision
D) error

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Naturalness of behavior and naturalness of the setting are advantages of what type of research design?


A) the case study
B) systematic observation
C) archival studies
D) the experiment

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A/an _____________ specifies, in concrete, measurable terms terms, our variable of interest.


A) operational definition
B) correlation
C) theory
D) experiment

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Which of the following is not a type of correlation?


A) a negative correlation
B) a positive correlation
C) a zero correlation
D) a complex correlation

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What goal sets the scientific pursuit of knowledge apart from laypeople's astute observations of human behavior?


A) objectivity
B) parsimony
C) subjectivity
D) mundane realism

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Which of the following is an example of archival data?


A) newspapers
B) census data
C) diaries
D) all of the above

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Control, random assignment, and comparison are three important elements of a(n) …


A) hypothesis
B) archival study
C) experiment
D) observational method

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Which of these is NOT likely to influence participants' answers on a survey?


A) order effects
B) the halo effect
C) the wording of the question
D) questions becoming more specific throughout the survey

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One of the drawbacks of correlational research is that …


A) it is unscientific
B) it can only examine positive relationships
C) it cannot provide information about causation
D) it is expensive

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When an increase in one variable is related to an increase in another variable, there is …


A) a zero correlation
B) a positive correlation
C) an absolute correlation
D) a negative correlation

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Which of the following is not a technique to ensure random assignment to the conditions of an experiment?


A) flipping a coin
B) using a random number generator
C) letting participants chose
D) drawing numbers out of a hat

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Using two or more coders or observers to look at data in order to determine if they reach a consensus regarding what they are observing is called …


A) the false consensus effect
B) archival research
C) statistical significance
D) inter-rater reliability

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