Question 1

Cocaine acts in the nervous system by blocking _______ and voltage-gated _______ channels.

Accepted Answer

A)   monoamine transporters; potassium
B)   monoamine release; calcium
C)   monoamine transporters; sodium
D)   monoamine synthesis; calcium

Question 2

In mice, _______ receptor agonists were shown to reduce the locomotor activity effects of cocaine, while, _______ receptor agonists increased locomotor activity.

Accepted Answer

A)   D1; D2
B)   D1; D3
C)   D2; D3
D)   D3; D2

Question 3

If someone who has taken cocaine is exhibiting _______ you would expect that they have been taking high _______ doses of the drug.

Accepted Answer

A)   fear; high
B)   delusions of grandiosity; high
C)   decreased sexual interest; low
D)   slow motor activity; low

Question 4

Which statement concerning the receptor subtypes involved in psychostimulant effects is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The locomotor-stimulating effects of cocaine involve the D5 receptor.
B)   D2 receptors are required for cocaine self-administration.
C)   Pimozide, a D2 receptor blocker, completely eliminates amphetamine-induced euphoria.
D)   D1 receptor knockout mice are insensitive to both the locomotor stimulating and reinforcing effects of cocaine.

Question 5

Amphetamines increase catecholamine release in part by

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing calcium influx.
B)   reversing the transporter.
C)   increasing the firing rate of catecholamine neurons.
D)   decreasing autoreceptor function.

Question 6

Which statement about cocaine is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a synthesized drug.
B)   It is an alkaloid that comes from the leaves of a South American bush.
C)   It has a high pH.
D)   It can exacerbate altitude sickness.

Question 7

Repeated exposure to cocaine and other psychostimulants

Accepted Answer

A)   can cause behavioral tolerance but not sensitization.
B)   can cause behavioral sensitization but not tolerance.
C)   can cause either behavioral tolerance or sensitization, depending on the pattern of exposure.
D)   causes neither behavioral tolerance nor sensitization.

Question 8

Identify the various routes of administration for cocaine. Which routes of administration yield the most rapid absorption of cocaine? Identify two metabolites of cocaine use; one found after use of cocaine alone and the other found after using a combination cocaine and alcohol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the various routes of administration for...

Question 9

Amphetamines have been medically prescribed for narcolepsy and weight loss but have largely been replaced with alternative drugs because

Accepted Answer

A)   of the high cost associated with producing these drugs for medical use.
B)   they are not as effective as other drugs in treating these conditions.
C)   it is very difficult to control dosage for medical purposes.
D)   they have such high abuse potential.

Question 10

According to imaging studies of human brains, which three factors influence the occurrence and intensity of a cocaine or methylphenidate "high"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to imaging studies of human brains,...

Question 11

Mephedrone, methylone, MDPV, and α-PVP are all members of the class of

Accepted Answer

A)   methamphetamine-like compounds.
B)   drugs used to treat ADHD.
C)   naturally occurring psychostimulants.
D)   synthetic cathinones.

Question 12

Which statement about U.S. cocaine use trends between 2014 and 2018 is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The rate of deaths due to cocaine use increased threefold even though the number of individuals using or addicted to cocaine remained level.
B)   The rate of deaths due to cocaine use increased threefold even though the number of individuals using or addicted to cocaine decreased.
C)   Both cocaine use and addiction increased with a corresponding increase in death rate.
D)   Both cocaine use and addiction decreased with a corresponding decrease in death rate.

Question 13

Compare methamphetamine with amphetamine in terms of route of administration, potency, effects at the synapse, psychological effects, and neurotoxicity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare methamphetamine with amphetamine in terms of...

Question 14

The precondition of _______ would make heavy amphetamine use particularly dangerous.

Accepted Answer

A)   low blood pressure
B)   atherosclerosis
C)   depression
D)   hypothryroidism

Question 15

Describe the effects of cocaine at the synapse in detail. What specific effects are most important for cocaine's reinforcing and addictive characteristics? What effects of cocaine are responsible for its action as a local anesthetic?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the effects of cocaine at the...

Question 16

List several members of the amphetamine family of drugs. How are their chemical structures similar? Identify two such compounds that occur in nature. How have amphetamines been used to treat diseases and enhance daily functioning, prior to governmental restriction?

Accepted Answer

Members of the amphetamine family include amphetamine, methamphetamine, cathinone, and ephedrine, which all are structurally related to dopamine. Cathinone and ephedrine occur in nature. Historically, members of the amphetamine family have been used for weight loss, treatment of asthma (as a constituent of inhalers), treatment of narcolepsy, and to maintain alertness (e.g., by military personnel).

Question 17

List several effects of cocaine that occur at low to moderate doses. Which of these effects are considered to be part of the cocaine "high"? Identify several aversive effects that occur in high dose users.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List several effects of cocaine that occur...

Question 18

An early use of amphetamine was as a

Accepted Answer

A)   medication in early inhalers.
B)   pain killer.
C)   treatment for anxiety
D)   treatment for insomnia.

Question 19

What is the minimum dopamine transporter (DAT)  occupancy required to achieve a "high" from either cocaine or methylphenidate, based on imaging studies?

Accepted Answer

A)   10% to 20%
B)   20% to 40%
C)   40% to 60%
D)   60% to 80% C

Question 20

Which statement about cocaine administration and absorption is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine can be detected for only a few hours after the last dose of drug.
B)   Slow absorption occurs with intravenous and smoked forms of cocaine.
C)   Cocaethylene is a metabolite of cocaine and alcohol that exerts an effect similar to cocaine, but that has a long half-life.
D)   Smoking crack cocaine is addictive because the brain receives a large surge of drug, and its effects are very long-lasting. B

Exam 12: Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Cocaine acts in the nervous system by blocking _ and voltage-gated _ channels.

Correct Answer
verified

In mice, _ receptor agonists were shown to reduce the locomotor activity effects of cocaine, while, _ receptor agonists increased locomotor activity.

Correct Answer
verified

If someone who has taken cocaine is exhibiting _ you would expect that they have been taking high _ doses of the drug.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement concerning the receptor subtypes involved in psychostimulant effects is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Amphetamines increase catecholamine release in part by

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about cocaine is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Repeated exposure to cocaine and other psychostimulants

Correct Answer
verified

Identify the various routes of administration for cocaine. Which routes of administration yield the most rapid absorption of cocaine? Identify two metabolites of cocaine use; one found after use of cocaine alone and the other found after using a combination cocaine and alcohol.

Correct Answer
verified

Amphetamines have been medically prescribed for narcolepsy and weight loss but have largely been replaced with alternative drugs because

Correct Answer
verified

According to imaging studies of human brains, which three factors influence the occurrence and intensity of a cocaine or methylphenidate "high"?

Correct Answer
verified

Mephedrone, methylone, MDPV, and α-PVP are all members of the class of

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about U.S. cocaine use trends between 2014 and 2018 is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Compare methamphetamine with amphetamine in terms of route of administration, potency, effects at the synapse, psychological effects, and neurotoxicity.

Correct Answer
verified

The precondition of _______ would make heavy amphetamine use particularly dangerous.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the effects of cocaine at the synapse in detail. What specific effects are most important for cocaine's reinforcing and addictive characteristics? What effects of cocaine are responsible for its action as a local anesthetic?

Correct Answer
verified

List several members of the amphetamine family of drugs. How are their chemical structures similar? Identify two such compounds that occur in nature. How have amphetamines been used to treat diseases and enhance daily functioning, prior to governmental restriction?

List several effects of cocaine that occur at low to moderate doses. Which of these effects are considered to be part of the cocaine "high"? Identify several aversive effects that occur in high dose users.

Correct Answer
verified

An early use of amphetamine was as a

Correct Answer
verified

What is the minimum dopamine transporter (DAT) occupancy required to achieve a "high" from either cocaine or methylphenidate, based on imaging studies?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Which statement about cocaine administration and absorption is true?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Exam 12: Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Cocaine acts in the nervous system by blocking _______ and voltage-gated _______ channels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In mice, _______ receptor agonists were shown to reduce the locomotor activity effects of cocaine, while, _______ receptor agonists increased locomotor activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If someone who has taken cocaine is exhibiting _______ you would expect that they have been taking high _______ doses of the drug.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement concerning the receptor subtypes involved in psychostimulant effects is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amphetamines increase catecholamine release in part by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about cocaine is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repeated exposure to cocaine and other psychostimulants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the various routes of administration for cocaine. Which routes of administration yield the most rapid absorption of cocaine? Identify two metabolites of cocaine use; one found after use of cocaine alone and the other found after using a combination cocaine and alcohol.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amphetamines have been medically prescribed for narcolepsy and weight loss but have largely been replaced with alternative drugs because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to imaging studies of human brains, which three factors influence the occurrence and intensity of a cocaine or methylphenidate "high"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mephedrone, methylone, MDPV, and α-PVP are all members of the class of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about U.S. cocaine use trends between 2014 and 2018 is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare methamphetamine with amphetamine in terms of route of administration, potency, effects at the synapse, psychological effects, and neurotoxicity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The precondition of _______ would make heavy amphetamine use particularly dangerous.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the effects of cocaine at the synapse in detail. What specific effects are most important for cocaine's reinforcing and addictive characteristics? What effects of cocaine are responsible for its action as a local anesthetic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List several members of the amphetamine family of drugs. How are their chemical structures similar? Identify two such compounds that occur in nature. How have amphetamines been used to treat diseases and enhance daily functioning, prior to governmental restriction?

List several effects of cocaine that occur at low to moderate doses. Which of these effects are considered to be part of the cocaine "high"? Identify several aversive effects that occur in high dose users.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An early use of amphetamine was as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the minimum dopamine transporter (DAT) occupancy required to achieve a "high" from either cocaine or methylphenidate, based on imaging studies?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which statement about cocaine administration and absorption is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Cocaine acts in the nervous system by blocking _ and voltage-gated _ channels.

Correct Answer
verified

In mice, _ receptor agonists were shown to reduce the locomotor activity effects of cocaine, while, _ receptor agonists increased locomotor activity.

Correct Answer
verified

If someone who has taken cocaine is exhibiting _ you would expect that they have been taking high _ doses of the drug.

Correct Answer
verified

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C

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B