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Exam 7: Ethics

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Question 31

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There are valid and sound arguments against homosexuality, the logic of which has never, to date, been dismantled by philosophers.

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Question 32

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Think of one or more moral dilemmas that cannot be satisfactorily solved by either Kant or Mill. Does Nietzsche provide a solution?

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One moral dilemma that cannot be satisfa...

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Question 33

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What is Nietzsche describing in the metaphor, "A tablet of virtues hangs over every people."

For Kant, we should always avoid treating others __________.

Virginia Held suggests new directions for moral thinking on women's experience.

According to Kant, to test the moral validity of a maxim, one should first _______.

An __________ is what we call a command in our preliminary discussion of morality. It is of the form "do this!" or "don't do this!" Some imperatives tell us to "do this!"

Another way of describing the categorical imperative is to say that it is an __________ principle, independent of any particular circumstances.

Which of the following said "Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself" and "man makes himself"?

Kant makes a famous distinction between two kinds of love: __________love, which is commanded as a duty, and __________ love, in other words, what we would call the emotion of love.

Who said that if you are ashamed, the best remedy is for you to practice benevolence?

Hume claimed that you cannot derive a(n) __________ from a(n) __________, that is, you could not provide a valid argument about what you should do based on the facts alone.

Bentham began with the fact that people seek pleasure and avoid pain and developed the __________ , to be applied to policy decisions as well as to personal ones.

Why shouldn't the existentialist consult feeling as a guide for action?

Which of the following said that the first impulses of nature were always right?

Ayn Rand was a famous advocate of ethical egoism.

Which of the following philosophers rejected the idea of basing morality on feelings of any kind?

Sartre argued that morality was developed __________.

The categorical imperative depends on __________.

Nietzsche's moral philosophy often considers the greek tradition of personal excellence as a source of strength and the modern conception of morality as a facade for weakness. What does Nietzsche famously name this moral contrast.