Question 1

During the school years, friendship becomes __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   less complex
B)   more psychologically based
C)   more proximity based
D)   less trust based

Question 2

Research confirms that an effective way to reduce prejudice is through __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   segregation of children in classrooms to promote ethnic pride
B)   encouraging children to view each other's personality traits as fixed
C)   highlighting group distinctions and sorting children into racial and ethnic groups
D)   intergroup contact in racially and ethnically diverse cooperative learning groups

Question 3

Research shows that school-age children of both sexes __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   rate "masculine" occupations as having higher status than "feminine" occupations
B)   are usually tolerant when boys engage in cross-gender acts
C)   often feel gender-atypical but are afraid to talk about it
D)   will usually reject and ridicule a tomboyish girl

Question 4

Jennifer and Joel's children reside with Joel and see Jennifer on a fixed schedule. Both parents have an equal say in important decisions about their children's upbringing. Which type of custodial arrangement do they have?

Accepted Answer

A)   coregulation
B)   joint custody
C)   sole custody
D)   mediated custody

Question 5

In middle childhood, __________ contribute(s)  to the development of trust and sensitivity.

Accepted Answer

A)   friendships
B)   informal peer groups
C)   peer conformity
D)   formal group membership

Question 6

Most cases of school refusal appear around age __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   5 to 7
B)   8 to 10
C)   11 to 13
D)   14 to 16

Question 7

Elliott, age 11, is suddenly afraid to go to school. How can Elliott's parents best help?

Accepted Answer

A)   Allow him to stay home from school until he feels more comfortable.
B)   Become more protective of him by accompanying him to his classes.
C)   Lightheartedly point out that being afraid of going to school is not normal.
D)   Firmly insist that he return to school, and train him in how to cope with difficult situations.

Question 8

As Grant approaches adolescence, his parents gradually give him more control. They exercise general oversight while letting Grant take charge of moment-by-moment decision making. Grant's parents are using __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   authoritarian parenting
B)   transitive inference
C)   coregulation
D)   permissive parenting

Question 9

Which statement is supported by research on sibling rivalry?

Accepted Answer

A)   In middle childhood, siblings become more important sources of support than in the past, so sibling rivalry decreases.
B)   For opposite-sex siblings who are close in age, parental comparisons are more frequent, resulting in more antagonism.
C)   Destructive sibling conflict in middle childhood is associated with negative outcomes, including anxiety and depressed mood.
D)   To reduce rivalry, siblings often strive to be more alike, selecting the same athletic and academic pursuits.

Question 10

Nine-year-old Krista gives part of her allowance to charity and collects canned goods for the food bank through her scout troop. Krista is developing __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   pride
B)   empathy
C)   guilt
D)   inferiority

Question 11

Which child living in a low-SES, predominantly African-American neighborhood is the most likely to have self-esteem problems?

Accepted Answer

A)   Patti, a European-American child
B)   Tamara, an African-American girl
C)   Perry, a child from a low-SES family
D)   Sherman, an African-American boy

Question 12

The more children believe that people can change their personalities, the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   less time they spend volunteering to help people in need
B)   more they judge others as either "good" or "bad"
C)   more they report liking members of disadvantaged out-groups
D)   less they report seeing themselves as similar to members of disadvantaged out-groups

Question 13

What factors foster resilience in middle childhood?

Accepted Answer

Throughout middle childhood-and other pe...

Question 14

Children of divorce spend an average of __________ in a single-parent home.

Accepted Answer

A)   eight months
B)   two years
C)   three years
D)   five years

Question 15

Children who __________ are especially vulnerable to sexual abuse.

Accepted Answer

A)   live in a large extended-family household
B)   are aggressive and hostile
C)   belong to churches and community organizations
D)   live in homes with a constantly changing cast of characters

Question 16

Which statement about self-care and school-age children is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Older children whose parents engage in permissive child rearing appear responsible and well-adjusted.
B)   Younger children who spend many hours alone tend to be responsible and well-adjusted.
C)   Among younger children, those who spend more hours alone have more adjustment difficulties.
D)   Older children who are left to their own devices are not likely to bend to peer pressures.

Question 17

Muriel spends most of her time with a particular set of girlfriends, who are in the same classroom and are similar to her in academic achievement and popularity. Muriel is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a controversial child
B)   a popular-antisocial child
C)   part of a peer group
D)   part of a counterculture

Question 18

Self-esteem __________ during elementary school.

Accepted Answer

A)   becomes less realistic
B)   is usually low
C)   becomes less nuanced
D)   generally remains high

Question 19

Which child is more likely to hold racial and ethnic prejudices?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anna, who judges others as "good" or "bad"
B)   Becky, who has high interracial contact
C)   Richard, who has overly high self-esteem
D)   Jared, who has an ethnically diverse family

Question 20

The more adults highlight __________, the more likely white children will express in-group favoritism and out-group prejudice.

Accepted Answer

A)   intergroup contact
B)   ethnic diversity
C)   the damage caused by prejudice
D)   group distinctions

Exam 10: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Which child is more likely to hold racial and ethnic prejudices?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The more children believe that people can change their personalities, the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research confirms that an effective way to reduce prejudice is through __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As Grant approaches adolescence, his parents gradually give him more control. They exercise general oversight while letting Grant take charge of moment-by-moment decision making. Grant's parents are using __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The more adults highlight __________, the more likely white children will express in-group favoritism and out-group prejudice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jennifer and Joel's children reside with Joel and see Jennifer on a fixed schedule. Both parents have an equal say in important decisions about their children's upbringing. Which type of custodial arrangement do they have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What factors foster resilience in middle childhood?

Correct AnswerverifiedThroughout middle childhood-and other pe...View AnswerShow Answer

Children of divorce spend an average of __________ in a single-parent home.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research shows that school-age children of both sexes __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In middle childhood, __________ contribute(s) to the development of trust and sensitivity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the school years, friendship becomes __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about self-care and school-age children is accurate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most cases of school refusal appear around age __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is supported by research on sibling rivalry?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children who __________ are especially vulnerable to sexual abuse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which child living in a low-SES, predominantly African-American neighborhood is the most likely to have self-esteem problems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self-esteem __________ during elementary school.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Muriel spends most of her time with a particular set of girlfriends, who are in the same classroom and are similar to her in academic achievement and popularity. Muriel is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elliott, age 11, is suddenly afraid to go to school. How can Elliott's parents best help?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nine-year-old Krista gives part of her allowance to charity and collects canned goods for the food bank through her scout troop. Krista is developing __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Throughout middle childhood-and other pe...
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