Question 1

In what type of societies are extended-family households found most frequently?

Accepted Answer

A)   sedentary agricultural economies
B)   post-industrial Western societies
C)   semi-nomadic herding cultures
D)   traveling food collector bands

Question 2

Why does sexual competition appear to be higher among humans than other primates?

Accepted Answer

A)   Unlike most other primates, human females are sexually receptive throughout the year.
B)   Humans are more likely than other primates to live in multi-male, multi-female social groups.
C)   Humans are particularly aggressive primates and more likely to compete through physical means.
D)   There is a lower female to male ratio in human communities than in most other primate groups.

Question 3

In many Western countries there has been a dramatic increase recently in the percentage of one-parent families. What factor is correlated with an increase in single-parent households?

Accepted Answer

A)   male unemployment
B)   female age at first birth
C)   male health
D)   female education

Question 4

Relate the concept of the extended family to the different forms of marriage discussed in the chapter (monogamy, polygyny, and polyandry). What might an extended family look like in each of these marital systems?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1. Defi...

Question 5

Children of a Nandi female-female marriage will name __________ as their father.

Accepted Answer

A)   the woman who has the role of husband
B)   their biological father
C)   the woman who has the role of wife
D)   their maternal uncle

Question 6

While they say they would prefer a "love marriage," why do many South Asian immigrants in the United States and the United Kingdom ultimately have an arranged marriage?

Accepted Answer

A)   They prefer to meet and marry someone of their own religious or ethnic background.
B)   Many parents threaten to disown their children if they refuse an arranged marriage.
C)   Arranged marriages allow them to maintain their citizenship in their home countries.
D)   The economic outcomes of arranged marriages are much higher than in love marriages.

Question 7

What is the primary weakness of both the gender division-of-labor and prolonged-infant-dependency models for the benefits of marriage?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are many ways other than marriage for groups of men and women to work together.
B)   Marriage seems to be much older than the typical division of labor by gender found today.
C)   The division of labor around childcare responsibilities is only found in a few cultures.
D)   Many species have a longer infant dependency than humans and get by without marriage.

Question 8

Why are young people's attitudes toward marriage now changing among the Na of China?

Accepted Answer

A)   Young people face social pressure in schools.
B)   Government initiatives are effectively changing the practice of sese.
C)   There is a lack of marriageable women.
D)   Economic hardship is forcing young people into Western-style marriages.

Question 9

What two major factors do all forms of marriage consider?

Accepted Answer

A)   sexual and economic
B)   economic and land-ownership
C)   economic and kinship
D)   sexual and kinship

Question 10

The childhood-familiarity theory also implies that first-cousin marriages should be prohibited in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   societies in which cousins grow up together in the same community
B)   all societies
C)   societies in which cousins live in distant villages
D)   only those societies with a very small reproductive pool

Question 11

If some form of male-female marriage is nearly universal, it is reasonable to believe that it is in some way adaptive. Discuss the various theories for why marriage is nearly universal, and explain which idea you feel offers the strongest explanation.

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1. Disc...

Question 12

In which society did people not marry, but rather lived their whole lives in a residential group made up of maternal kin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Na
B)   Subanun
C)   Kwakiutl
D)   Hadza

Question 13

Which of the following societies is most likely to practice bride service?

Accepted Answer

A)   Native American foragers
B)   African agriculturalists
C)   Asian horticulturalists
D)   European industrialists

Question 14

What is a common element in ceremonies marking the onset of marriage?

Accepted Answer

A)   feasting
B)   fortune-telling
C)   meditation
D)   isolation

Question 15

A long postpartum sex taboo is most likely to occur in societies __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   where people depend on crops that are low in protein
B)   with a high proportion of monogamous marriages
C)   where there are more males than females
D)   that practice polyandrous marriage

Question 16

Couples raised together as children following the Chinese tradition of "daughter-in-law raised from childhood" are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to get divorced
B)   more likely to have many children
C)   less likely to seek extramarital sexual relationships
D)   less likely to exchange dowry or bride price

Question 17

To whom are the goods first transferred in an indirect dowry?

Accepted Answer

A)   the bride's father
B)   the groom's father
C)   the groom
D)   the chief

Question 18

In which of the following societies would polygyny be least likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   a society with a balanced sex ratio
B)   a culture with a long postpartum sex taboo
C)   a population suffering from a high male mortality rate in warfare
D)   a society with more women than men

Question 19

The custom of allowing a man to marry more than one woman is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   found in most of the societies known to anthropology
B)   found in only a small minority of the world's societies
C)   unlikely to engender jealousy among co-wives
D)   strictly forbidden in Muslim society

Question 20

The incest taboo is possibly the closest thing anthropologists have found to a true "cultural universal," because some form of the taboo exists in all known societies. Why is this so important to people cross-culturally? Explain the various theories for the existence of a worldwide incest taboo.

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1. Note...

Exam 10: Marriage and the Family

Which of the following societies is most likely to practice bride service?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relate the concept of the extended family to the different forms of marriage discussed in the chapter (monogamy, polygyny, and polyandry). What might an extended family look like in each of these marital systems?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe ideal answer should include:1. Defi...View AnswerShow Answer

In what type of societies are extended-family households found most frequently?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While they say they would prefer a "love marriage," why do many South Asian immigrants in the United States and the United Kingdom ultimately have an arranged marriage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The custom of allowing a man to marry more than one woman is __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If some form of male-female marriage is nearly universal, it is reasonable to believe that it is in some way adaptive. Discuss the various theories for why marriage is nearly universal, and explain which idea you feel offers the strongest explanation.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe ideal answer should include:1. Disc...View AnswerShow Answer

The incest taboo is possibly the closest thing anthropologists have found to a true "cultural universal," because some form of the taboo exists in all known societies. Why is this so important to people cross-culturally? Explain the various theories for the existence of a worldwide incest taboo.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe ideal answer should include:1. Note...View AnswerShow Answer

What is a common element in ceremonies marking the onset of marriage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are young people's attitudes toward marriage now changing among the Na of China?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A long postpartum sex taboo is most likely to occur in societies __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The childhood-familiarity theory also implies that first-cousin marriages should be prohibited in __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following societies would polygyny be least likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Couples raised together as children following the Chinese tradition of "daughter-in-law raised from childhood" are __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which society did people not marry, but rather lived their whole lives in a residential group made up of maternal kin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children of a Nandi female-female marriage will name __________ as their father.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary weakness of both the gender division-of-labor and prolonged-infant-dependency models for the benefits of marriage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What two major factors do all forms of marriage consider?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does sexual competition appear to be higher among humans than other primates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To whom are the goods first transferred in an indirect dowry?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In many Western countries there has been a dramatic increase recently in the percentage of one-parent families. What factor is correlated with an increase in single-parent households?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The ideal answer should include:
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The ideal answer should include:
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