Exam 14: The Courts

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Article III of the Constitution only men...

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A) consistent with public opinion.
B) highly inconsistent with public opinion on social issues.
C) intended to bolster public support for its rulings.
D) less consistent with public opinion than are the actions of the president or Congress.
E) inconsistent with public opinion.

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A

A) the beginning of the Great Depression
B) near the beginning of the Industrial Revolution
C) near the beginning of the civil rights movement
D) near the end of the Civil War
E) near the end of the Korean War

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A) a case brought to force a ruling on the constitutionality of a law or executive action.
B) a brief filed by an interest group that describes some of the most important consequences of a potential Supreme Court decision.
C) a case that is appealed to a circuit court.
D) a suit brought by an individual on behalf of a group of other people who are in a similar situation.
E) any case that comes before the Supreme Court.

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One Answer: The Supreme Court cannot hel...

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The federal judiciary is organized into three main levels of courts: the Supreme Court, the Courts of Appeals, and the District Courts. Each level of court has its own specific jurisdiction and responsibilities within the federal judicial system. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the federal judiciary and serves as the final authority on all legal matters. It has the power to review decisions made by lower courts and has the authority to interpret the Constitution and federal laws. The Supreme Court consists of nine justices, including a Chief Justice, and has the power to hear cases involving federal law, constitutional issues, and disputes between states. Below the Supreme Court are the Courts of Appeals, also known as Circuit Courts. There are 13 Courts of Appeals, each covering a specific geographic region of the United States. These courts have the authority to review decisions made by District Courts and to hear appeals on federal cases. The Courts of Appeals do not hold trials or hear witnesses; instead, they review the legal arguments and decisions made by lower courts to ensure that the law was applied correctly. At the lowest level of the federal judiciary are the District Courts. There are 94 District Courts throughout the United States, each serving a specific geographic area. These courts have original jurisdiction over most federal cases, including civil and criminal matters. District Courts are responsible for holding trials, hearing witness testimony, and making initial decisions on legal disputes. They also handle cases involving federal laws, bankruptcy, and other specialized areas of law. In addition to these three main levels of courts, there are also specialized courts within the federal judiciary, such as the Court of International Trade, the Court of Federal Claims, and the Tax Court. These courts have specific jurisdiction over cases involving international trade, federal government claims, and tax-related disputes. Overall, the federal judiciary is organized into a hierarchical system of courts, each with its own specific jurisdiction and responsibilities. This structure ensures that the federal judicial system can effectively handle a wide range of legal matters and provide fair and impartial justice for all.

A) are original jurisdiction.
B) come from state courts.
C) come from federal courts.
D) move from state supreme courts then through the federal courts system.
E) none of the above

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False

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One Answer: Whether the Court moves in a...

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A) being unconstitutional.
B) filing amicus curiae briefs.
C) managing the courts.
D) written briefs.
E) being restricted to state courts.

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A) The Supreme Court did not exercise judicial review of a congressional act for another 54 years.
B) The decision expanded the powers of the president beyond those outlined in Article III.
C) It expanded the constitutional powers granted to Congress as outlined in Article III.
D) It meant that the Court began striking down acts of Congress immediately, and doing so frequently.
E) The Congress later legislated that judicial review was beyond the power of the Court as expressed in Article III of the Constitution.

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A) hear only a small portion of federal cases.
B) primarily exercise appellate jurisdiction.
C) normally use three-judge panels to hear cases.
D) are courts of original jurisdiction.
E) hear cases from state appeals courts.

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A) Chief Justice Warren Burger voting with a unanimous Supreme Court to override Nixon's claim of executive privilege
B) Chief Justice Earl Warren's move to a conservative direction regarding civil rights and criminal procedure against Eisenhower's wishes
C) David Souter's vote to overturn Roe v. Wade against George H.W. Bush's policy
D) Chief Justice Marshall's anti-Federalist leanings, which went against those of John Adams
E) All of the above are examples of justices who have gone against the expectations of the president who nominated them.

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A) District Courts.
B) U.S. Courts of Appeals.
C) U.S. Tax Courts.
D) National Small Claims Courts.
E) all of the above

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