Question 1

When the ball that 9-month-old Reggie was playing with rolls under the bed he begins searching for it in the direction that it rolled. According to Piaget's stages of development, which stage corresponds to Reggie's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensorimotor
B)   preoperational
C)   concrete operations
D)   formal operations

Question 2

Briefly describe Vygotsky's contribution to developmental studies.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky developed a sociocultural theor...

Question 3

What are the major similarities and differences between Freud's psychoanalytical theory of development and Erikson's theory of development?

Accepted Answer

Although both Freud's and Erikson's theo...

Question 4

The process of changing one's schema to make it match the world of reality better is what Piaget termed:

Accepted Answer

A)   modification
B)   accommodation
C)   schematization
D)   assimilation

Question 5

A set of interrelated statements that provides an explanation for a class of events is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)   conjecture
B)   observation
C)   empirical set
D)   theory

Question 6

The correct chronological sequence of psychosexual stages is:

Accepted Answer

A)   oral, phallic, genital, latency, anal
B)   oral, phallic, anal, latency, genital
C)   oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
D)   oral, anal, genital, latency, phallic

Question 7

Erikson himself referred to the developmental tasks in his model as:

Accepted Answer

A)   critical stages
B)   opportunities
C)   crises
D)   turning points

Question 8

A model that focuses on the whole and the ways in which the whole is greater than the sum of its parts is a(n)  ______________ model.

Accepted Answer

A)   organismic
B)   holistic
C)   mechanistic
D)   organic

Question 9

10-year-old Robert is curious about how cars work. Whenever his father makes repairs to the family car Robert is on hand to be the "assistant mechanic." According to Erikson's theory, Robert is in the stage of:

Accepted Answer

A)   trust vs. mistrust
B)   autonomy vs. shame and doubt
C)   initiative vs. guilt
D)   industry vs. Inferiority

Question 10

Millie and her brother are being raised by their grandmother. Millie's grandmother and brother comprise her:

Accepted Answer

A)   mesosystem
B)   microsystem
C)   macrosystem
D)   exosystem

Question 11

Five-year-old Nora is excited to see that it is starting to snow. She exclaims, "Wow, it's snowing so that I can make a snowman!" This kind of egocentric thinking is related to which of Piaget's stages of development?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensorimotor
B)   preoperational
C)   concrete operations
D)   formal operations

Question 12

Erikson's developmental tasks are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   psychomotor stages
B)   psychosexual stages
C)   psychosocial stages
D)   social-behavioral stages

Question 13

In Piaget's theory, cognitive structures that people evolve for dealing with specific kinds of situations in their environments are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   concepts
B)   models
C)   schemas
D)   cognitive strategies

Question 14

All of the following are true about a theory EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   it allows us to organize our observations
B)   it allows us to see relationships among facts
C)   it proves that events occur for the reasons stated
D)   it stimulates inquiry as we search for knowledge

Question 15

An approach which allows psychologists to choose from various theories and models is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   organic
B)   eclectic
C)   mechanistic
D)   holistic

Question 16

Behavioral theorists divide the environment into units called:

Accepted Answer

A)   responses
B)   units of analysis
C)   reflexes
D)   stimuli

Question 17

The theory that human behavior arises out of a struggle between societal prohibitions and the instinctual drives associated with sex and aggression is attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)   B. F. Skinner
B)   Sigmund Freud
C)   Erik Erikson
D)   Urie Bronfenbrenner

Question 18

Emotions have not been researched with the same vigor as cognition until recently because:

Accepted Answer

A)   Freud did not think emotions were important
B)   Descartes believed the body and mind are one
C)   emotions are hard to quantify and measure
D)   cross-cultural studies revealed that emotions vary too much by culture to study accurately

Question 19

The person associated with developing the sociocultural theory of development is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Kurt Lewin
B)   Urie Bronfenbrenner
C)   Lev Vygotsky
D)   Erik Erikson

Question 20

The idea that human development has a specifically historical charter-that it is affected by where and when a person grows up-is associated with which theory of development?

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral theory
B)   psychoanalytic theory
C)   psychosocial theory
D)   sociocultural theory

Exam 2: Theories of Development

Erikson himself referred to the developmental tasks in his model as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Piaget's theory, cognitive structures that people evolve for dealing with specific kinds of situations in their environments are known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe Vygotsky's contribution to developmental studies.

Correct AnswerverifiedVygotsky developed a sociocultural theor...View AnswerShow Answer

The idea that human development has a specifically historical charter-that it is affected by where and when a person grows up-is associated with which theory of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the ball that 9-month-old Reggie was playing with rolls under the bed he begins searching for it in the direction that it rolled. According to Piaget's stages of development, which stage corresponds to Reggie's behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emotions have not been researched with the same vigor as cognition until recently because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theory that human behavior arises out of a struggle between societal prohibitions and the instinctual drives associated with sex and aggression is attributed to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A model that focuses on the whole and the ways in which the whole is greater than the sum of its parts is a(n) ______________ model.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the major similarities and differences between Freud's psychoanalytical theory of development and Erikson's theory of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedAlthough both Freud's and Erikson's theo...View AnswerShow Answer

The person associated with developing the sociocultural theory of development is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An approach which allows psychologists to choose from various theories and models is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of changing one's schema to make it match the world of reality better is what Piaget termed:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behavioral theorists divide the environment into units called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Five-year-old Nora is excited to see that it is starting to snow. She exclaims, "Wow, it's snowing so that I can make a snowman!" This kind of egocentric thinking is related to which of Piaget's stages of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A set of interrelated statements that provides an explanation for a class of events is called a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The correct chronological sequence of psychosexual stages is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Millie and her brother are being raised by their grandmother. Millie's grandmother and brother comprise her:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are true about a theory EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

10-year-old Robert is curious about how cars work. Whenever his father makes repairs to the family car Robert is on hand to be the "assistant mechanic." According to Erikson's theory, Robert is in the stage of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erikson's developmental tasks are referred to as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Vygotsky developed a sociocultural theor...
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Although both Freud's and Erikson's theo...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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