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Exam 2: Classification, Causes, and Co-Occurrence

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Question 21

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Harry (10;2 years) has moderate flaccid childhood dysarthria. Symptoms you would expect to observe in Harry's speech include:

A) adequate breath control for speech but distortion of sibilants and rhotics.
B) adequate breath control for speech but syllable segregation and stress equalization.
C) inconsistent production of consonants and vowels in words.
D) breathiness, nasalized speech, monopitch, inappropriate loudness (too soft) and imprecise articulation.

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Question 22

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Speech characteristics common for children with cleft lip and palate include:

A) hypernasality and abnormal nasal airflow during speech.
B) syllable segregation and stress equalization.
C) vowel distortions and dysprosody.
D) inconsistent productions of the same word.

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Question 23

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Paxton (5;5 years) has inconsistent speech disorder and Jeremy (5;3 years) has childhood apraxia of speech. What speech characteristic would help separate Paxton's type of speech sound disorder from Jeremy's type of speech sound disorder?

Compare and contrast the four different speech sound disorders classification systems and explain why different classification systems exist.

Select one type of communication impairment (e.g., expressive language impairment, stuttering), that can co-occur with speech sound disorders, and discuss the characteristics and outcomes for children with co-occurring impairments.

Rueben (8;5 years) has difficulty clearly articulating the // in his name. He says [] instead of //. An articulation assessment revealed that Rueben derhotacized /11ee98b2_5efb_931f_a6de_437abf30e255_TB9704_11, 11ee98b2_71d3_a410_a6de_9fbc6db03d2a_TB9704_11, 11ee98b2_840e_ffd1_a6de_97f1a6068f3a_TB9704_11/. No other speech production errors were detected. Rueben has no prior history of speech, language or literacy difficulties. In light of these observations Rueben most likely has:

List the three key features of childhood apraxia of speech in ASHA's (2007) childhood apraxia of speech position statement.

Compare and contrast definitions and key symptoms of childhood apraxia of speech by different researchers, and the implications of the controversy around the key symptoms of childhood apraxia of speech for assessment, diagnosis and intervention.

Childhood apraxia of speech, is best characterized by:

Virginia (2;4 years) has recently been diagnosed with childhood dysarthria. This means that she has:

Complete the following table: $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}\hline \text { Type of speech sound disorder } & \text { Description } & \begin{array}{l}\text { Example of a speech error } \\\text { characteristic of this type of } \\\text { speech sound disorder }\end{array} \\\hline \text { phonological impairment } & & \\\hline \text { inconsistent speech disorder } & & \\\hline \text { articulation impairment } & & \\\hline \text { childhood apraxia of speech } & & \\\hline \text { childhood dysarthria } & & \\\hline\end{array}$

Discuss the similarities and differences between inconsistent speech disorder, childhood apraxia of speech, and childhood dysarthria.

List four other terms synonymous with residual articulation errors.

The Body Structure component of the Children and Youth Version of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF-CY) (WHO, 2007) refers to:

The link between speech sound disorders and otitis media with effusion (OME or glue ear) is:

Jasper (5;1 years) is monolingual and speaks English. He has a severe phonological disorder (rather than delay) . Which of the following productions of the word juice most likely reflects Jasper's production?

Explain how environmental factors (e.g., products and technology, relationships, society attitudes, in addition to speech-language pathology services) could help or hinder children with speech sound disorders.

What is the nature of the difficulty for children with an articulation impairment involving sibilants or rhotics? Consider research literature on speech perception and speech production.

Santiago (3;2 years) has childhood dysarthria. Carter (3;9 years) has a phonological impairment. With regards to oral structure and function, Santiago is more likely than Carter to have difficulties with:

Depending on a child's symptoms, childhood dysarthria may be classified as: