Question 1

A student who is a philosophy major is very interested in ethical issues. One day she asks you how psychologists deal with ethical issues when they are designing research studies. What should you tell her?

Accepted Answer

A)   As professionals, psychologists have no need to be concerned with ethical issues.
B)   The American Psychological Association has established ethical standards for researchers.
C)   Prior to conducting research, all psychologists must consult with a philosopher concerning ethics.
D)   Only clinical psychologists are subject to ethical standards; research psychologists may use their own judgment.

Question 2

A researcher would be most likely to use naturalistic observation to determine whether males or females are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   take baths.
B)   take sleeping pills.
C)   have dreams with sexual content.
D)   show courtesy when approaching a busy intersection in a car.

Question 3

A researcher is designing a study that includes a procedure that may be upsetting or psychologically disturbing to his participants. What special actions do the guidelines for ethical standards of the American Psychological Association require him to follow?

Accepted Answer

A)   He must have a personal liability statement from his insurance company.
B)   Although not required, he should consult with an institutional review board prior to beginning the research.
C)   He must minimize risks, inform participants of potential risks, and be prepared to deal with participant reactions.
D)   He must have available, on-call in the laboratory, a medical doctor and a psychiatrist to deal with potential problems.

Question 4

In the research study described by your authors, which of the following factors was shown to be associated with an increase in sleep-related problems in children?

Accepted Answer

A)   one extra hour of nighttime media usage by children
B)   regularly watching violent media after dinner time
C)   watching media with a siblings present but no parents in the room
D)   watching adult news broadcasts instead of children's programming

Question 5

The American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines require that research participants be informed of any deception that will take place, prior to their giving informed consent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

You walk into a classroom and see the words "process," "products," "direct," and "naturalistic" written on the blackboard. It is most likely that the previous class was discussing the topic of

Accepted Answer

A)   interviews.
B)   self-reports.
C)   observations.
D)   questionnaires and surveys.

Question 7

Suppose you have signed up to participate in a psychological research study. Is there any chance that you will be deceived?

Accepted Answer

A)   No, because the use of deception is illegal in most states.
B)   No, because the code of ethics psychologists adhere to prohibits the use of deception.
C)   Yes, because most psychological research involves deception.
D)   Yes, because sometimes informing participants may bias the results.

Question 8

The results of a research study would be confounded if

Accepted Answer

A)   the experimenter's interpretation of the data has been supported.
B)   participants do not respond in the way the experimenter has expected.
C)   a participant's behavior has resulted solely because of the independent variable.
D)   a variable other than the independent variable has influenced a participant's behavior.

Question 9

Should animals be used in psychological and medical research? If you were going to be consistent with your text author's points, you would answer "yes" because

Accepted Answer

A)   animals are less expensive to care for and to monitor.
B)   animal research has led to important breakthroughs in several areas of science.
C)   historically, the psychological and medical sciences have relied on animals as research participants.
D)   although animal research does not benefit animals directly, the animals benefit indirectly by being cared for.

Question 10

After collecting data, a researcher determines that states that have instituted a death penalty have shown a decrease in murders. Assuming that the data are accurate, what can you safely conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)   The relationship has been brought about by another variable.
B)   States that do not have a death penalty should institute one as a deterrent to violent crime.
C)   There are fewer murders in states that have a death penalty.
D)   It is likely that violent criminals have moved to states that do not yet have a death penalty.

Question 11

Suppose you were interested in the kinds of movies your friends like to watch. You develop a simple questionnaire that asks them about their attitudes toward different film genres and then record which films they actually attend. This measurement technique is best described as a

Accepted Answer

A)   self-report measure.
B)   behavioral observation.
C)   naturalistic observation.
D)   combination of self-report and behavioral observations.

Exam 2: Research Methods in Psychology

You walk into a classroom and see the words "process," "products," "direct," and "naturalistic" written on the blackboard. It is most likely that the previous class was discussing the topic of

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher would be most likely to use naturalistic observation to determine whether males or females are more likely to

Correct Answer
verified

The results of a research study would be confounded if

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher is designing a study that includes a procedure that may be upsetting or psychologically disturbing to his participants. What special actions do the guidelines for ethical standards of the American Psychological Association require him to follow?

Correct Answer
verified

Should animals be used in psychological and medical research? If you were going to be consistent with your text author's points, you would answer "yes" because

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose you were interested in the kinds of movies your friends like to watch. You develop a simple questionnaire that asks them about their attitudes toward different film genres and then record which films they actually attend. This measurement technique is best described as a

Correct Answer
verified

After collecting data, a researcher determines that states that have instituted a death penalty have shown a decrease in murders. Assuming that the data are accurate, what can you safely conclude?

Correct Answer
verified

The American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines require that research participants be informed of any deception that will take place, prior to their giving informed consent.

Correct Answer
verified

A student who is a philosophy major is very interested in ethical issues. One day she asks you how psychologists deal with ethical issues when they are designing research studies. What should you tell her?

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose you have signed up to participate in a psychological research study. Is there any chance that you will be deceived?

Correct Answer
verified

In the research study described by your authors, which of the following factors was shown to be associated with an increase in sleep-related problems in children?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Research Methods in Psychology

You walk into a classroom and see the words "process," "products," "direct," and "naturalistic" written on the blackboard. It is most likely that the previous class was discussing the topic of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher would be most likely to use naturalistic observation to determine whether males or females are more likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The results of a research study would be confounded if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher is designing a study that includes a procedure that may be upsetting or psychologically disturbing to his participants. What special actions do the guidelines for ethical standards of the American Psychological Association require him to follow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Should animals be used in psychological and medical research? If you were going to be consistent with your text author's points, you would answer "yes" because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose you were interested in the kinds of movies your friends like to watch. You develop a simple questionnaire that asks them about their attitudes toward different film genres and then record which films they actually attend. This measurement technique is best described as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After collecting data, a researcher determines that states that have instituted a death penalty have shown a decrease in murders. Assuming that the data are accurate, what can you safely conclude?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines require that research participants be informed of any deception that will take place, prior to their giving informed consent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A student who is a philosophy major is very interested in ethical issues. One day she asks you how psychologists deal with ethical issues when they are designing research studies. What should you tell her?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose you have signed up to participate in a psychological research study. Is there any chance that you will be deceived?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the research study described by your authors, which of the following factors was shown to be associated with an increase in sleep-related problems in children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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