Question 1

Philip is reinforced with a $10 bill every time he presses a lever. Which of the following does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   the partial reinforcement effect
B)   fixed-interval reinforcement
C)   continuous reinforcement
D)   variable-interval reinforcement

Question 2

For those who advocate the informational view of conditioning, what is the end product (result)  of conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   visual adaptations
B)   discriminative cues
C)   response chains
D)   expectations about events

Question 3

From explanations offered by Albert Bandura's Bo-Bo doll study, we discovered that a problem with viewing television violence is that it may lead children to be more aggressive. How does this happen?

Accepted Answer

A)   by increasing children's frustration levels
B)   through positive transfer
C)   through negative transfer
D)   through observational learning

Question 4

What do we call the unexpected reappearance of old associations after extinction has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)   generalization
B)   spontaneous recovery
C)   shaping
D)   latent learning

Question 5

What does the Premack principle state?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary reinforcers are the best rewards.
B)   Secondary reinforcers are the best rewards.
C)   Things you do frequently can act as rewards.
D)   Duplicating a response depends on whether the learner can reproduce the behaviour.

Question 6

In classical conditioning, to respond differently to different stimuli is to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   to assimilate
B)   to accommodate
C)   to adapt
D)   to discriminate

Question 7

What do we call events that occur just before a response?

Accepted Answer

A)   precursors
B)   consequences
C)   antecedents
D)   prologues

Question 8

Why are primary reinforcers effective?

Accepted Answer

A)   because we want approval for our actions
B)   because they increase the frequency of a response
C)   because they satisfy biological needs for survival
D)   because they are a learned reaction to a previously neutral stimulus

Question 9

Katherine is a telemarketer who receives $6 for every ten calls she makes. Which type of reinforcement schedule does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule
B)   a fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule
C)   a variable-ratio reinforcement schedule
D)   a variable-interval reinforcement schedule

Question 10

In classical conditioning, what is the best way to describe the conditioned response?

Accepted Answer

A)   the conditioned response (CR)  is unlearned
B)   the conditioned response (CR)  is learned
C)   the conditioned response (CR)  is reflexive
D)   the conditioned response (CR)  is innate

Question 11

Describe the role of feedback in skill learning.

Accepted Answer

Feedback plays a crucial role in skill l...

Question 12

In operant conditioning, a response will eventually disappear if reinforcement is withheld. What is this procedure called?

Accepted Answer

A)   satiation
B)   fading
C)   inhibition
D)   operant extinction

Question 13

If a subject in a study makes a connection between a stimulus and a consequence, what are the researchers most likely studying?

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning
B)   operant conditioning
C)   observational learning
D)   respondent conditioning

Question 14

Sometime after a horse knocked him down at summer camp, Arnold overcame this fear and he went horseback riding regularly until camp ended. On the first day of camp the following summer, while being helped onto a horse, he started to cry and said he was scared. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)   generalization
B)   discrimination
C)   spontaneous recovery
D)   extinction

Question 15

A father is "potty training" his son, Kenneth. First, he allows Kenneth to become acclimated to his pot, then Kenneth gets reinforced for sitting on the pot, and finally he gets a reinforcer only if he does something on the pot. Which procedure is the father using?

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcement
B)   intermittent conditioning
C)   generalization
D)   shaping

Question 16

What does the cognitive perspective in learning theory emphasize?

Accepted Answer

A)   the role played by mental processes in learning
B)   the study of human behaviour rather than animal behaviour
C)   the relationship between observable behaviours and environmental effects
D)   the study of the environment's impact on learning

Question 17

In classical conditioning, what is the most important aspect to consider in how we learn?

Accepted Answer

A)   antecedents
B)   consequences
C)   rewards
D)   punishers

Question 18

Taste aversions are acquired through  __________.

Accepted Answer

classical ...

Question 19

To test for the presence of classical conditioning, which of the following would you omit?

Accepted Answer

A)   the conditioned stimulus (CS) 
B)   the unconditioned stimulus (US) 
C)   the conditioned response (CR) 
D)   the unconditioned response (UR)

Question 20

Which of the following statements applies to punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)   punishment increases responses
B)   punishment extinguishes unwanted behaviour
C)   punishment is better than reinforcement for response acquisition
D)   punishment is the same as negative reinforcement

Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

What does the cognitive perspective in learning theory emphasize?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A father is "potty training" his son, Kenneth. First, he allows Kenneth to become acclimated to his pot, then Kenneth gets reinforced for sitting on the pot, and finally he gets a reinforcer only if he does something on the pot. Which procedure is the father using?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, what is the best way to describe the conditioned response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sometime after a horse knocked him down at summer camp, Arnold overcame this fear and he went horseback riding regularly until camp ended. On the first day of camp the following summer, while being helped onto a horse, he started to cry and said he was scared. Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the Premack principle state?

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Why are primary reinforcers effective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, what is the most important aspect to consider in how we learn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do we call the unexpected reappearance of old associations after extinction has occurred?

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For those who advocate the informational view of conditioning, what is the end product (result) of conditioning?

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Describe the role of feedback in skill learning.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIFeedback plays a crucial role in skill l...View AnswerShow Answer

Taste aversions are acquired through __________.

Correct Answerverifiedclassical ...View AnswerShow Answer

Philip is reinforced with a $10 bill every time he presses a lever. Which of the following does this example illustrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From explanations offered by Albert Bandura's Bo-Bo doll study, we discovered that a problem with viewing television violence is that it may lead children to be more aggressive. How does this happen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a subject in a study makes a connection between a stimulus and a consequence, what are the researchers most likely studying?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do we call events that occur just before a response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In operant conditioning, a response will eventually disappear if reinforcement is withheld. What is this procedure called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, to respond differently to different stimuli is to do which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements applies to punishment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Katherine is a telemarketer who receives $6 for every ten calls she makes. Which type of reinforcement schedule does this example illustrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To test for the presence of classical conditioning, which of the following would you omit?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Feedback plays a crucial role in skill l...
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classical ...
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