Question 1

Deliza misplaced a library book and is looking through her house. She decides to go through each room, one at a time, and carefully search. Her conscious, intentional, and controllable plan is a

Accepted Answer

A)   personal narrative.
B)   knowledge base.
C)   working memory.
D)   strategy.

Question 2

One reason that experts may have superior performance to novices in their area of specialization is that experts

Accepted Answer

A)   "chunk" more information than novices.
B)   have better memory capabilities in general.
C)   have larger frontal lobes.
D)   do not have to rely on scripts.

Question 3

List and define the three strategies discussed in the text related to improving performance on information-processing tasks. What are the developmental changes involved in the use of each strategy?

Accepted Answer

Rehearsal is repeating information that ...

Question 4

Rehearsal is a mental activity that helps keep information active and available in the

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory store.
B)   short-term store.
C)   long-term store.
D)   executive processor.

Question 5

Which of the following stores is only able to hold information for approximately half a second?

Accepted Answer

A)   short-term store
B)   rapid-encoding store
C)   long-term store
D)   sensory store

Question 6

Children as young as 3 years of age can give personal narratives with classic structures in which a story leads up to a main event.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In a study of expert-novice differences among chess players, Chi (1978)  found that

Accepted Answer

A)   adults' memories of chessboard arrangements were clearly superior to children's memories.
B)   children's performance on a memory task involving a series of random numbers was superior to the adults' performance.
C)   the child experts clearly outperformed the adult novices on memory for chessboard arrangements.
D)   child experts and adult novices did not differ in their performance on the random numbers memory tasks.

Question 8

Connie and her father are shopping for groceries. Connie's father asks her to go and get the toothpaste and the milk. Connie takes off, muttering to herself "toothpaste and milk...toothpaste and milk." According to the stores model, which memory system is Connie using?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory store
B)   short-term store
C)   long-term store
D)   network store

Question 9

Working memory and the short-term store are similar to each other in that they both

Accepted Answer

A)   consist of information that is currently being processed.
B)   move information between different storage systems.
C)   see information as always available and active.
D)   have several different components that monitor, process, and allocate information.

Question 10

As a young child, Gustav developed a network for representing the concept of "dog." Now that he is 10, which change is true of his network?

Accepted Answer

A)   It has incorporated more concept nodes and linked them by association.
B)   The short-term store is able to hold information for longer periods.
C)   He can now form verbatim traces of events.
D)   The executive processor can successfully retrieve memories.

Question 11

Rasheed understands that how he addresses his mother should differ from how he speaks to his peers. This understanding is related to

Accepted Answer

A)   semantics.
B)   morphology.
C)   pragmatics.
D)   syntax.

Question 12

When six-year-old Molly is working on addition and subtraction problems, her father refuses to let her count on her fingers. According to research, her father's refusal may

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the amount of time it takes for Molly to learn basic addition and subtraction.
B)   decrease the amount of time it takes for Molly to learn basic addition and subtraction.
C)   increase Molly's ability to solve mathematical word problems when she is older.
D)   decrease Molly's ability to solve math problems requiring three or more operations.

Question 13

All of the following developmental trends concerning memory strategies are true except

Accepted Answer

A)   preschool children are less likely to spontaneously use memory strategies than are older children.
B)   all of the three memory strategies appear at roughly the same ages.
C)   younger children do not use memory strategies as effectively as older children do.
D)   children are more likely to use memory strategies effectively when the information is familiar.

Question 14

Expert chess players can store entire board configurations as a single chunk in their short-term memories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which model asserts that knowledge is reconstructed based on activations among interconnected neural networks?

Accepted Answer

A)   stores
B)   conservation
C)   connectionist
D)   production systems

Question 16

Steven is trying to determine how many crackers his mother gave him for lunch. He counts the first two crackers, then counts five more crackers, and then counts all seven crackers and states out loud, "I have seven crackers!" Steven is using which counting strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)   decomposition
B)   fact retrieval
C)   counting manipulatives
D)   counting on from larger

Question 17

Dr. Thomas is conducting a research study examining memory. It involves having a research assistant run into a fifth-grade classroom shouting that she has lost her pet monkey. She says that the monkey is brown and that he is wearing a red coat. One week later, the children are asked questions such as "What color hat was the monkey wearing?" Sammy answers "Blue." Why is Sammy remembering something that did not actually happen?

Accepted Answer

A)   He is relying on his reconstructive memory.
B)   He has very limited long-term memory capacity.
C)   His sensory store perceived the color incorrectly.
D)   He is having difficulty with his working memory.

Question 18

According to the network model, all of our activated knowledge is in which aspect of our memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory register
B)   short-term memory
C)   working memory
D)   long-term memory

Question 19

According to Piaget, most children enter concrete operations at approximately what age?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 years of age
B)   4 years of age
C)   7 years of age
D)   12 years of age

Question 20

Which of the following findings has recently emerged from neuroscience research on reading?

Accepted Answer

A)   Activity shifts to the left hemisphere with increased skill in reading.
B)   Different written languages are processed in different areas in the brain.
C)   Reading interventions with dyslexics creates neural activity patterns similar to nondisabled readers.
D)   all of the above

Exam 11: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

In a study of expert-novice differences among chess players, Chi (1978) found that

Correct Answer
verified

Which model asserts that knowledge is reconstructed based on activations among interconnected neural networks?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the network model, all of our activated knowledge is in which aspect of our memory?

Correct Answer
verified

Rehearsal is a mental activity that helps keep information active and available in the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following stores is only able to hold information for approximately half a second?

Correct Answer
verified

Rasheed understands that how he addresses his mother should differ from how he speaks to his peers. This understanding is related to

Correct Answer
verified

Steven is trying to determine how many crackers his mother gave him for lunch. He counts the first two crackers, then counts five more crackers, and then counts all seven crackers and states out loud, "I have seven crackers!" Steven is using which counting strategy?

Correct Answer
verified

One reason that experts may have superior performance to novices in their area of specialization is that experts

Correct Answer
verified

Working memory and the short-term store are similar to each other in that they both

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When six-year-old Molly is working on addition and subtraction problems, her father refuses to let her count on her fingers. According to research, her father's refusal may

Correct Answer
verified

Connie and her father are shopping for groceries. Connie's father asks her to go and get the toothpaste and the milk. Connie takes off, muttering to herself "toothpaste and milk...toothpaste and milk." According to the stores model, which memory system is Connie using?

Correct Answer
verified

As a young child, Gustav developed a network for representing the concept of "dog." Now that he is 10, which change is true of his network?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following findings has recently emerged from neuroscience research on reading?

Correct Answer
verified

Expert chess players can store entire board configurations as a single chunk in their short-term memories.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Piaget, most children enter concrete operations at approximately what age?

Correct Answer
verified

List and define the three strategies discussed in the text related to improving performance on information-processing tasks. What are the developmental changes involved in the use of each strategy?

Correct Answer
verified
Rehearsal is repeating information that ...
View Answer

All of the following developmental trends concerning memory strategies are true except

Correct Answer
verified

Children as young as 3 years of age can give personal narratives with classic structures in which a story leads up to a main event.

Correct Answer
verified

Deliza misplaced a library book and is looking through her house. She decides to go through each room, one at a time, and carefully search. Her conscious, intentional, and controllable plan is a

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

In a study of expert-novice differences among chess players, Chi (1978) found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which model asserts that knowledge is reconstructed based on activations among interconnected neural networks?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the network model, all of our activated knowledge is in which aspect of our memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rehearsal is a mental activity that helps keep information active and available in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following stores is only able to hold information for approximately half a second?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rasheed understands that how he addresses his mother should differ from how he speaks to his peers. This understanding is related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Steven is trying to determine how many crackers his mother gave him for lunch. He counts the first two crackers, then counts five more crackers, and then counts all seven crackers and states out loud, "I have seven crackers!" Steven is using which counting strategy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One reason that experts may have superior performance to novices in their area of specialization is that experts

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Working memory and the short-term store are similar to each other in that they both

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When six-year-old Molly is working on addition and subtraction problems, her father refuses to let her count on her fingers. According to research, her father's refusal may

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Connie and her father are shopping for groceries. Connie's father asks her to go and get the toothpaste and the milk. Connie takes off, muttering to herself "toothpaste and milk...toothpaste and milk." According to the stores model, which memory system is Connie using?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a young child, Gustav developed a network for representing the concept of "dog." Now that he is 10, which change is true of his network?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following findings has recently emerged from neuroscience research on reading?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Expert chess players can store entire board configurations as a single chunk in their short-term memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, most children enter concrete operations at approximately what age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List and define the three strategies discussed in the text related to improving performance on information-processing tasks. What are the developmental changes involved in the use of each strategy?

Correct AnswerverifiedRehearsal is repeating information that ...View AnswerShow Answer

All of the following developmental trends concerning memory strategies are true except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children as young as 3 years of age can give personal narratives with classic structures in which a story leads up to a main event.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deliza misplaced a library book and is looking through her house. She decides to go through each room, one at a time, and carefully search. Her conscious, intentional, and controllable plan is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Rehearsal is repeating information that ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified