Question 1

Define each of the following mental shortcuts and explain why each may be inaccurate: (1) the availability heuristic; (2) the representativeness heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The availability heuristic is a mental s...

Question 2

The text discusses several instances where relying on automatic thinking can lead to negative consequences.Identify and discuss one instance where using controlled thinking could be problematic.

Accepted Answer

Students may discuss one of several proc...

Question 3

Culture can influence our schemas by influencing

Accepted Answer

A)   the amount of cognitive activity required to engage socially.
B)   our ability to creatively interpret the world.
C)   what we notice and remember.
D)   how long we attend to important information.

Question 4

Considering the results of the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007)  presented in your text, why is it that when people were primed with words related to God or fairness to others, they left more money for the next person?

Accepted Answer

A)   Goals of altruism were activated without the participants' awareness.
B)   Participants believed their sense of fairness was being evaluated.
C)   Participants were told that the next participant would know how much money they left and their name.
D)   Goals of generosity versus frugality were made salient.

Question 5

When Matilda met Joe, she instantly categorized him as a nerd because of his appearance and intense interest in technology and mathematics.Matilda's categorization is an example of her use of

Accepted Answer

A)   scripts.
B)   schemas.
C)   controlled processes.
D)   base rate information.

Question 6

Imagine it is the end of a long day and you are hot and ready to head home.If the research on the connection between physical sensations and the judgments they affect is correct, which of the following about social influence is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   You will not be influenced because you feel too negatively.
B)   You will be more easily influenced because you are happy to hear what they have to say.
C)   You will not be influenced because the person doing the influencing is not attractive.
D)   You will be more easily influenced because you are there with a friend.

Question 7

Jennifer was walking along the street when she saw a man run out of a convenience store clutching on to a bag.The owner of the store runs out and shouts for the man to stop and come back.Jennifer immediately assumes that there has been a robbery, not that the man was in a hurry and forgot his change.How did she fill in this gap in her knowledge of the situation?

Accepted Answer

A)   She was using the base rate heuristic.
B)   She considered self-fulfilling prophecies.
C)   She was using racial profiling.
D)   She was relying on a schema.

Question 8

Recall that Kelley (1950)  told some students that a guest instructor was a warm person and others that a guest instructor was a cold person.When the instructor behaved in an arrogant way, he was rated as immodest, no matter what students were told about him at the outset.These findings suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)   in tense situations, we seldom rely on our schemas.
B)   schemas change according to the situation they are applied in.
C)   when behaviors are clear, we rely less on our schemas.
D)   schemas are specific to the situation in which we find ourselves.

Question 9

Tom and Julius are both in line for a movie, but it sells out before either of them can get tickets.Tom is the last person in line, but Julius is directly behind the person who got the last ticket.Based on the idea of counterfactual reasoning, why will Julius be more upset than Tom?

Accepted Answer

A)   Julius wanted to see the movie more than Tom did.
B)   Julius got there earlier than Tom did, so he felt he deserved to see the movie.
C)   It was easier for Julius to imagine how he could have gotten a ticket.
D)   Julius won't be more upset than Tom.

Question 10

Explain the relation between schemas and the self-fulfilling prophecy.Provide a concrete example.

Accepted Answer

Not only do people fail to revise their ...

Question 11

According to the authors of your text, people are likely to quickly categorize people they have just met.This is due to people's reliance on

Accepted Answer

A)   self-fulfilling prophecies.
B)   counterfactual thinking.
C)   controlled thinking
D)   schemas.

Question 12

________ refer(s)  to the way people select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions about themselves and others.

Accepted Answer

A)   Social cognition
B)   Schemas
C)   Counterfactual thinking
D)   Decision rules

Question 13

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: ___________ :: holistic thinking style: _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   United States; Korea
B)   Great Britain; Italy
C)   Japan; China
D)   Spain; Portugal

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a typical example of the kind of knowledge that is contained in a schema? Your knowledge

Accepted Answer

A)   of the typical character traits and behaviors of lawyers.
B)   of the first date when you spilled red punch all over your partner.
C)   that fairy tales begin, "Once upon a time...."
D)   that it is common to leave a 15-percent tip when dining at an eat-in restaurant.

Question 15

If both Chinese and Americans are comparing two pieces of art, the Americans are most likely to notice

Accepted Answer

A)   differences in the foreground.
B)   the color schemes.
C)   differences in how objects are oriented.
D)   differences in brushstrokes.

Question 16

The most important take-home message about controlled thinking is that it

Accepted Answer

A)   provides a check on automatic thinking.
B)   replaces automatic thinking.
C)   increases the efficiency of thinking.
D)   precedes automatic thinking.

Question 17

Research demonstrated that physical sensation can activate metaphors that influence our judgments about unrelated topics.If you wanted students to take your petition seriously, you should present the information about it

Accepted Answer

A)   on a piece of paper they can take with them.
B)   on a heavy tablet.
C)   on a light clipboard.
D)   verbally rather than written.

Question 18

In a 1932 study, a Bantu herdsman readily recalled the details of a cattle transaction, but the Scotsman had to look up his written record of the event.According to your text, what can best explain this difference in memory ability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bantu culture emphasizes cattle herding so strongly that herdsmen have well-developed schemas.
B)   Scots have a written language, and do not rely on memory any more.
C)   Bantu people have a genetic mutation that gives most of them a photographic memory.
D)   Scottish culture discourages cattle herding, thus herders have little opportunity to create schemas.

Question 19

The fact that people usually have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgments is the definition of ________, according to the authors of your text.

Accepted Answer

A)   counterfactual thinking
B)   self-fulfilling prophecy
C)   controlled processing
D)   overconfidence barrier

Question 20

Our use of mental shortcuts usually leads to

Accepted Answer

A)   optimal decisions that could not be bettered if more time were spent.
B)   faulty decisions that get us into trouble.
C)   good decisions in a reasonable amount of time.
D)   faulty decisions, but the fact that we've decided quickly gives us time to cope with the consequences, so there is no harm done in the end.

Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

In a 1932 study, a Bantu herdsman readily recalled the details of a cattle transaction, but the Scotsman had to look up his written record of the event.According to your text, what can best explain this difference in memory ability?

Correct Answer
verified

Considering the results of the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007) presented in your text, why is it that when people were primed with words related to God or fairness to others, they left more money for the next person?

Correct Answer
verified

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: _ :: holistic thinking style: ___.

Correct Answer
verified

When Matilda met Joe, she instantly categorized him as a nerd because of his appearance and intense interest in technology and mathematics.Matilda's categorization is an example of her use of

Correct Answer
verified

Our use of mental shortcuts usually leads to

Correct Answer
verified

Define each of the following mental shortcuts and explain why each may be inaccurate: (1) the availability heuristic; (2) the representativeness heuristic.

Correct Answer
verified
The availability heuristic is a mental s...
View Answer

The text discusses several instances where relying on automatic thinking can lead to negative consequences.Identify and discuss one instance where using controlled thinking could be problematic.

Correct Answer
verified
Students may discuss one of several proc...
View Answer

If both Chinese and Americans are comparing two pieces of art, the Americans are most likely to notice

Correct Answer
verified

Imagine it is the end of a long day and you are hot and ready to head home.If the research on the connection between physical sensations and the judgments they affect is correct, which of the following about social influence is most likely to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

The fact that people usually have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgments is the definition of ________, according to the authors of your text.

Correct Answer
verified

Research demonstrated that physical sensation can activate metaphors that influence our judgments about unrelated topics.If you wanted students to take your petition seriously, you should present the information about it

Correct Answer
verified

________ refer(s) to the way people select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions about themselves and others.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Culture can influence our schemas by influencing

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the relation between schemas and the self-fulfilling prophecy.Provide a concrete example.

Correct Answer
verified
Not only do people fail to revise their ...
View Answer

Recall that Kelley (1950) told some students that a guest instructor was a warm person and others that a guest instructor was a cold person.When the instructor behaved in an arrogant way, he was rated as immodest, no matter what students were told about him at the outset.These findings suggest that

Correct Answer
verified

According to the authors of your text, people are likely to quickly categorize people they have just met.This is due to people's reliance on

Correct Answer
verified

The most important take-home message about controlled thinking is that it

Correct Answer
verified

Tom and Julius are both in line for a movie, but it sells out before either of them can get tickets.Tom is the last person in line, but Julius is directly behind the person who got the last ticket.Based on the idea of counterfactual reasoning, why will Julius be more upset than Tom?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a typical example of the kind of knowledge that is contained in a schema? Your knowledge

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

In a 1932 study, a Bantu herdsman readily recalled the details of a cattle transaction, but the Scotsman had to look up his written record of the event.According to your text, what can best explain this difference in memory ability?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considering the results of the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007) presented in your text, why is it that when people were primed with words related to God or fairness to others, they left more money for the next person?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: ___________ :: holistic thinking style: _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Matilda met Joe, she instantly categorized him as a nerd because of his appearance and intense interest in technology and mathematics.Matilda's categorization is an example of her use of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our use of mental shortcuts usually leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define each of the following mental shortcuts and explain why each may be inaccurate: (1) the availability heuristic; (2) the representativeness heuristic.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe availability heuristic is a mental s...View AnswerShow Answer

The text discusses several instances where relying on automatic thinking can lead to negative consequences.Identify and discuss one instance where using controlled thinking could be problematic.

Correct AnswerverifiedStudents may discuss one of several proc...View AnswerShow Answer

If both Chinese and Americans are comparing two pieces of art, the Americans are most likely to notice

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine it is the end of a long day and you are hot and ready to head home.If the research on the connection between physical sensations and the judgments they affect is correct, which of the following about social influence is most likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that people usually have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgments is the definition of ________, according to the authors of your text.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research demonstrated that physical sensation can activate metaphors that influence our judgments about unrelated topics.If you wanted students to take your petition seriously, you should present the information about it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ refer(s) to the way people select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions about themselves and others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Culture can influence our schemas by influencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the relation between schemas and the self-fulfilling prophecy.Provide a concrete example.

Correct AnswerverifiedNot only do people fail to revise their ...View AnswerShow Answer

Recall that Kelley (1950) told some students that a guest instructor was a warm person and others that a guest instructor was a cold person.When the instructor behaved in an arrogant way, he was rated as immodest, no matter what students were told about him at the outset.These findings suggest that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the authors of your text, people are likely to quickly categorize people they have just met.This is due to people's reliance on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important take-home message about controlled thinking is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tom and Julius are both in line for a movie, but it sells out before either of them can get tickets.Tom is the last person in line, but Julius is directly behind the person who got the last ticket.Based on the idea of counterfactual reasoning, why will Julius be more upset than Tom?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a typical example of the kind of knowledge that is contained in a schema? Your knowledge

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: _ :: holistic thinking style: ___.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The availability heuristic is a mental s...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Students may discuss one of several proc...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Not only do people fail to revise their ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified