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The process by which continuous exposure to a stimulus affects the comprehension of and response to the stimulus is known as _____.


A) lateralization
B) stimulation
C) expectation
D) sensitization
E) habituation

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Joanna bargain hunts for all her purchases.She once bought a T-shirt that was being sold for $50 and perceived it to be a good deal as everything else was priced higher.However,on her next shopping trip,she dismissed the same t-shirt as expensive as the other apparels were being sold at prices much lower than $50.Joanna's varying interpretation of the value and meaning for the same product is an example of _____.


A) prospecting
B) sensitizing
C) priming
D) distorting
E) contrasting

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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_____ refers to the interpretation or understanding that a consumer develops about some attended stimulus based on the way meaning is assigned.


A) Attention
B) Exposure
C) Comprehension
D) Elaboration
E) Sensation

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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All things equal,_____ is the weakest form of learning.


A) chunking
B) repetition
C) dual coding
D) tracing
E) tagging

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Consumers derive meaning from both the actual text of a message and the visual presentation of the message.

A) True
B) False

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Sensory memory is considered to be preattentive.

A) True
B) False

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Consumers derive expectations for service encounters from scripts.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Comprehension applies not only to consumer learning but to consumers' attitudes as well.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Knowledge in long-term memory is stored in an associative network.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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A social schema is the cognitive representation that gives a specific type of person meaning.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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In a marketing message,the amount of knowledge that a source is perceived to have about a subject is referred to as _____.


A) congruity
B) expertise
C) trustworthiness
D) visibility
E) intelligence

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Consumers must comprehend marketing messages in order to learn the intended value of a product.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The memory for past events in one's life is known as the _____.


A) procedural memory
B) episodic memory
C) semantic memory
D) implicit memory
E) sensory memory

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Research suggests that traditional cigarette warning labels have a significant impact on consumer behavior.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The mental path by which some thought becomes active is known as _____.


A) memory trace
B) mental script
C) activation node
D) memory tag
E) mental schema

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A chunk includes seven memory units.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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If consumers do not tag information in a meaningful way,the encoding process results in errors.

A) True
B) False

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A node is a concept within a schema that is the single best representative of some category.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of message receiver characteristics?


A) Less-intelligent consumers tend to comprehend messages more accurately than intelligent consumers as they put in more effort in the comprehension process.
B) Highly involved consumers tend to pay less attention to messages as they are too involved with their own things.
C) High levels of familiarity always increases consumer comprehension as consumers are more inclined toward the familiar.
D) Consumers' beliefs of what will happen in a future situation have an impact on their comprehension of the environment.
E) Consumers who are left-brain dominant tend to be visual processors often favoring images for verbal communication.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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The unintentional but recurrent memory of long-ago events that are not triggered by anything in the environment is known as _____.


A) elaboration
B) rumination
C) activation
D) assimilation
E) contemplation

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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