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Exam 8: Global Stratification

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Global stratification_________________________________________.

A) ​involves the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige on a worldwide basis
B) ​results in some countries being more democratic than others
C) ​ultimately ends up with people having remarkably similar lifestyles and life chances
D) ​refers only to inequality among the nations of the world

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Question 42

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According to __________, poorer nations cannot pursue their own economic and human development because they are trapped in a cycle of reliance on the richer nations for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.

A) ​modernization theory
B) ​world systems theory
C) ​dependency theory
D) ​new international division of labor theory

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Question 43

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Almost all commodity production today involves a producer-driven commodity chain.

The only significant group of middle- and lower-income economies to close the gap with the high-income economies over the past few decades has been the nations of __________.

Probably the most affected by poverty in low-income economies are __________.

According to __________, the low-income, less-developed nations can improve their standard of living only with a period of intensive economic growth and accompanying changes in people's beliefs, values, and attitudes toward work.

__________ refers to the closing of plants and factories because of their obsolescence or because workers in other nations are being hired to do the work more cheaply.

_________ poverty is measured by comparing the actual income against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.

A Gini coefficient of 0 means that________________________________.

Dependency theory has little or no relevance for the economic growth and development in __________.

Explain the new international division of labor theory, including descriptions of the two types of global commodity chains.

The terms used to describe global stratification and economic inequality are the same today as they were 60 years ago.

After several decades of development programs sponsored by the World Bank and the United Nations, global poverty __________.

The United States, Canada, Japan, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand are examples of __________ nations.

The movement of jobs and economic resources from one nation to another is termed __________.

Throughout the world, even in remote and rural areas, people are benefiting from the economic development of low- and middle-income countries.

The __________ measures the degree of income inequality within a country. The measure ranges from zero (meaning that everyone has the same income) to 100 (meaning that one person receives all the income) .

A condition in which people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life is called __________.

__________ poverty is measured by comparing personal or household income or expenses with the cost of buying a given quantity of goods and services.

The term __________ refers to material well-being that can be measured by the quality of goods and services that may be purchased by the per capita national income.