Question 1

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating the differences between three organic compounds. They all have the same carbon skeleton but have differences in their functional groups.
-Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydroxyl
B)  carbonyl
C)  carboxyl
D)  amino
E)  phosphate

Question 2

Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have variations in arrangement around a double bond.
B)  They have an asymmetric carbon that makes them mirror images.
C)  They have the same chemical properties.
D)  They have different molecular formulas.
E)  Their atoms and bonds are arranged in different sequences.

Question 3

L-dopa and D-dopa, shown below, are an example of a pharmaceutical drug that occurs as enantiomers, or molecules that

Accepted Answer

A)  have identical three-dimensional shapes.
B)  are mirror images of one another.
C)  are structural isomers.
D)  are mirror images of one another and have the same biological activity.
E)  are cis-trans isomers.

Question 4

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which of the structures illustrated above contain(s) a carbonyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  C and D
C)  C
D)  D
E)  C and E

Question 5

Answer the following questions based on the figure below.
 
-Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  the replacement of the -OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen
B)  the addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl
C)  the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate
D)  the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen
E)  the addition of a sulfhydryl to a carboxyl

Question 6

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  optical isomers.
B)  enantiomers.
C)  structural isomers.
D)  cis-trans isomers.
E)  chain length isomers.

Question 7

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  enantiomers.
B)  radioactive isotopes.
C)  structural isomers.
D)  nonisotopic isomers.
E)  cis-trans isomers.

Question 8

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and B
B)  B and C
C)  B, C, and D
D)  D and E
E)  E and A

Question 9

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecules shown above will form hydrogen bonds with water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only D will form hydrogen bonds with water.
B)  All of these molecules will form hydrogen bonds with water.
C)  None of these molecules will form hydrogen bonds with water.
D)  All of these molecules except B will form hydrogen bonds with water.
E)  Only C, D, and E will form hydrogen bonds with water.

Question 10

The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules are

Accepted Answer

A)  geometric isotopes.
B)  enantiomers.
C)  cis-trans isomers.
D)  structural isomers.
E)  nonisotopic isomers.

Question 11

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which molecule shown above can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 12

When Stanley Miller applied heat and electrical sparks to a mixture of simple inorganic compounds such as methane, hydrogen gas, ammonia, and water vapour, what compounds were produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  mostly amino acids
B)  only simple organic compounds such as formaldehyde and cyanide
C)  mostly hydrocarbons
D)  only simple inorganic compounds
E)  both simple organic compounds and more complex organic compounds such as amino acids and hydrocarbons

Question 13

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  It lacks an asymmetric carbon, and it is probably a fat or lipid.
B)  It should dissolve in water.
C)  It should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent.
D)  It won't form hydrogen bonds with water.
E)  It is hydrophobic.

Question 14

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are investigating the differences between three organic compounds. They all have the same carbon skeleton but have differences in their functional groups.
-The second molecule is hydrophobic and has acidic properties. It most likely has

Accepted Answer

A)  no functional groups attached and is a hydrocarbon.
B)  at least one carboxyl group.
C)  at least one amino group.
D)  at least one carbonyl group.
E)  phosphates.

Question 15

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water, it

Accepted Answer

A)  would function only as an acid because of the carboxyl group.
B)  would function only as a base because of the amino group.
C)  would function as neither an acid nor a base.
D)  would function as both an acid and a base.
E)  is impossible to determine how it would function.

Question 16

The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that

Accepted Answer

A)  simple organic compounds can be synthesized in the laboratory from inorganic precursors, but complex organic compounds like carbohydrates and proteins can only be synthesized by living organisms.
B)  a life force ultimately controls the activities of living organisms and this life force cannot be studied by physical or chemical methods.
C)  although a life force, or vitalism, exists in living organisms, this life force cannot be studied by physical or chemical methods.
D)  living organisms are composed of the same elements present in nonliving things, plus a few special trace elements found only in living organisms or their products.
E)  living organisms can be understood in terms of the same physical and chemical laws that can be used to explain all natural phenomena.

Question 17

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  E

Question 18

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers, that is, molecules that

Accepted Answer

A)  have identical chemical formulas but differ in the branching of their carbon skeletons.
B)  are mirror images of one another.
C)  exist in either linear chain or ring forms.
D)  differ in the location of their double bonds.
E)  differ in the arrangement of atoms around their double bonds.

Question 19

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxyl
B)  sulfhydryl
C)  hydroxyl
D)  amino
E)  phosphate

Question 20

How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  4
D)  3
E)  11

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecules shown above will form hydrogen bonds with water?

Correct Answer
verified

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water, it

Correct Answer
verified

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so?

Correct Answer
verified

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Correct Answer
verified

When Stanley Miller applied heat and electrical sparks to a mixture of simple inorganic compounds such as methane, hydrogen gas, ammonia, and water vapour, what compounds were produced?

Correct Answer
verified

How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

Correct Answer
verified

L-dopa and D-dopa, shown below, are an example of a pharmaceutical drug that occurs as enantiomers, or molecules that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Correct Answer
verified

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?

Correct Answer
verified

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers, that is, molecules that

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?

Correct Answer
verified

The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules are

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the structures illustrated above contain(s) a carbonyl functional group?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecules shown above will form hydrogen bonds with water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A carbon skeleton is covalently bonded to both an amino group and a carboxyl group. When placed in water, it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Answer the following questions based on the figure below. -Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Stanley Miller applied heat and electrical sparks to a mixture of simple inorganic compounds such as methane, hydrogen gas, ammonia, and water vapour, what compounds were produced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

L-dopa and D-dopa, shown below, are an example of a pharmaceutical drug that occurs as enantiomers, or molecules that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements correctly describes cis-trans isomers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecules shown above contain a carbonyl group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which molecule shown above can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers, that is, molecules that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The experimental approach taken in current biological investigations presumes that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The figure above shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which of the structures illustrated above contain(s) a carbonyl functional group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified