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Exam 20: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

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Question 1

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Hyperthyroidism treatment in cats usually involves antithyroid medication or the use of radioactive iodine to destroy the abnormal (overactive) tissue growing in the thyroid gland. Surgery to remove the abnormal tissue is generally not advised, as the surgery could also accidentally destroy parathyroid tissue. The parathyroid gland releases a hormone called PTH that increases blood calcium levels. Based on your knowledge of homeostasis, predict why surgery is ill-advised.

A) A lack of PTH will cause blood calcium levels to drop to abnormally low levels.
B) A lack of PTH will cause blood calcium levels to rise to abnormally high levels.
C) Positive feedback will compensate for any problems caused by negative feedback.
D) Surgery will not be a problem because homeostasis will find other ways to regulate blood calcium.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Question 2

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Which of the following tissues would likely be found in the small intestine?

A) cardiac muscle
B) nervous tissue
C) bone tissue
D) tendons

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 3

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Use the figure below to answer the questions that follow. -Which part of the figure above shows a complete organ system?

Stratified squamous epithelium is well-suited for

A common knee injury in athletes involves the anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL. The ACL consists of tissue that connects the bones of the femur (upper leg bone) and tibia (lower leg bone) . What kind of tissue would you expect to be damaged in an ACL injury?

The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of body fluids constant by varying the amount of hydrogen ions (H⁺) it secretes into the urine. You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function will be controlled by

Which of the following items has a shape most like a squamous epithelial cell?

Which of the following is a major category of animal tissue?

Which of the following would be additional evidence that one of the functions of skin is the synthesis of vitamin D?

Fingernails are a component of the ________ system.

An organ system consists of

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Under normal conditions, blood sugar levels are controlled within a narrow range by negative feedback. Two hormones are involved in maintaining blood sugar levels at the set point (about 90 mg of glucose/100 mL of blood) . When blood sugar levels rise above the set point, the hormone insulin signals the liver to absorb the excess sugar. When blood sugar levels drop below the set point, the hormone glucagon signals the liver to release its stored glucose to the bloodstream. In juvenile onset diabetes, the body doesn't produce enough insulin and insulin supplements are required. -Based on your understanding of homeostasis, for negative feedback control of blood glucose levels to function properly,

Structure in the living world is organized into hierarchical levels. Which of the following correctly lists these from least inclusive to most inclusive?

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Under normal conditions, blood sugar levels are controlled within a narrow range by negative feedback. Two hormones are involved in maintaining blood sugar levels at the set point (about 90 mg of glucose/100 mL of blood) . When blood sugar levels rise above the set point, the hormone insulin signals the liver to absorb the excess sugar. When blood sugar levels drop below the set point, the hormone glucagon signals the liver to release its stored glucose to the bloodstream. In juvenile onset diabetes, the body doesn't produce enough insulin and insulin supplements are required. -If you hadn't eaten for several hours, which hormone would be responsible for returning your glucose levels to the set point?

When body temperature is too high, which of the following occurs?

Which of the following is an example of a tissue?

The structural and functional unit of nervous tissue is the

The connection between structure and ________ is a basic concept of biology.

The most common type of connective tissue in the human body is

Which is the most abundant kind of tissue in an animal, such as a gorilla?