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Exam 8: A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

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Question 21

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Earthquake ________ is a means of deciding where the ground is stable enough to build on in earthquake-prone areas.

A) mitigation
B) zoning
C) retrofitting
D) prevention

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Question 22

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The vast majority of earthquakes occur ________.

A) along transform-plate boundaries only
B) near hotspots
C) along passive margins
D) along all types of plate boundaries

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Question 23

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Moderate- and deep-focus earthquakes occur along only ________.

Early warning systems use computers to detect a nearby earthquake and send an emergency alert to warn of the event.Which seismic phase is the system detecting when it sends the alert?

Earthquakes that occur in a band called the ________ can be used to track the motion of subducted oceanic lithosphere.

Which earthquake scale is used to assess the effects of an earthquake on humans and human-made structures?

An earthquake occurs with an epicenter in the town of New Madrid,Missouri,in the interior of the North American Plate.Where might the hypocenter of this earthquake plausibly be found?

Wet and unconsolidated substrates are uniquely susceptible to ________ during an earthquake.

How is the Mercalli intensity scale used to determine the magnitude of an earthquake? What errors might be associated with this technique?

The ________ of a fault gives the average time between events.

________ travel with a compressional motion.

The quantity of motion that occurs along a fault is termed ________.

Which of the following does NOT affect the severity of damage from an earthquake?

At any point along the surface of any nonvertical fault such as is shown in the figure below,the ________.

Why do deep-focus earthquakes occur along convergent plate boundaries? Why do they not occur along divergent or transform boundaries?

An increase in size of one unit of magnitude translates to ________ the ground motion.

According to the diagram below,the energy released by the 1994 Northridge earthquakes was roughly the same as the energy released by ________.

Much of the capitol city of Port-au-Prince was destroyed during the 2010 Haiti earthquake despite the fact that similarly sized earthquakes in other cities did very little damage.What caused so much damage during the Haiti earthquake?

Which seismic wave phase causes the ground to roll like a wave?

What is the magnitude of the earthquake shown in the image below?