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Exam 16: DNA: the Indispensable Forensic Science Tool

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Question 31

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How many different bases are associated with the makeup of DNA?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6

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Question 32

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Tandem repeats are useful for forensic scientists because they provide a way to distinguish one individual from another through DNA typing.

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Question 33

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Means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits used in crime labs because the gene allows determination of:

The four bases associated with DNA are adenine,cytosine,guanine,and ________.

Longer DNA strands are more stable and less subject to degradation than shorter strands.

Whole blood collected for DNA typing purposes must be placed in a vacuum containing the preservative:

The specific proteins produced by a cell are directly related to the:

The more STRs a forensic scientist can characterize,the greater is the likelihood that they originated from two different individuals.

STR analysis is the most successful and widely used DNA profiling procedure.

Which statement regarding STRs is true?

The four bases on the DNA molecule are paired with A opposite T and G opposite C.

Decoding the human ________ can be useful for diagnosing and treating genetic diseases.

Y-STR markers are useful when multiple males are involved in a sexual assault.If three men are involved in such an attack the investigators would expect Y-STR analysis to show a maximum of:

DNA is a(n) :

A short tandem repeat (STR)is a region of a DNA molecule that contains short segments consisting of 50-100 repeating base pairs.

Name two advantages and two disadvantages of mitochondrial DNA analysis compared to nuclear DNA analysis.

As currently performed,DNA-profiling technology cannot provide information helpful in:

CODIS is a national system of:

What is the number of nitrogenous bases needed to code for a specific amino acid?

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2.Each answer can only be used once. A)A technique for separating molecules through their migration on a support medium while under the influence of an electrical potential B)Different fragment lengths of base pairs that result from cutting a DNA molecule with restriction enzymes C)A genetic locus useful for determining gender D)Small structures outside the nucleus that supply energy to the cell E)Cells derived from the inner cheek lining F)The building blocks of proteins G)A technique that simultaneously detects more than one DNA marker in a single analysis H)An unstained object adjacent to an area on which biological material has been deposited I)A technique for replicating or copying a portion of a DNA strand outside a living cell J)A rod-like structure in the cell nucleus composed of DNA, along which the genes are located K)A repeating unit of DNA consisting of one of four bases-adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine-attached to a phosphate-sugar group L)The process of joining two complementary strands of DNA to form a double-stranded molecule M)A region of a DNA molecule that contains short segments of three to seven repeating base pairs N)A short strand of DNA used to target a region of DNA for replication by PCR O)DNA from skin cells transferred onto the surface of an object by simple contact 1)Amelogenin gene 2)Amino acids 3)Buccal cells 4)Chromosome 5)Electrophoresis 6)Hybridization 7)Mitochondria 8)Multiplexing 9)Nucleotide 10)Polymerase Chain Reaction 11)Primer 12)Short tandem repeat (STR) 13)Substrate control 14)Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) 15)Touch DNA