Question 1

Which of the following are membrane potentials?

Accepted Answer

A)   EPSPs
B)   IPSPs
C)   APs
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and B

Question 2

A change in the resting potential of a dendrite from -70 mV to -72 mV is called

Accepted Answer

A)   an IPSP.
B)   an EPSP.
C)   a depolarization.
D)   both A and C
E)   both B and C

Question 3

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic action; this neurotransmitter is

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine.
B)   acetylcholine.
C)   acetylcholinesterase.
D)   norepinephrine.
E)   glutamate.

Question 4

Active transmission is to passive transmission as

Accepted Answer

A)   IPSPs are to APs.
B)   EPSPs are to IPSPs.
C)   APs are to EPSPs.
D)   EPSPs are to APs.
E)   excitation is to inhibition.

Question 5

Ionotropic receptors are linked to

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomes.
B)   neurotransmitters.
C)   ligand-activated ion channels.
D)   vesicles.
E)   G proteins.

Question 6

The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of

Accepted Answer

A)   nodes of Ranvier.
B)   voltage-activated ion channels.
C)   ligand-activated ion channels.
D)   myelin.
E)   EPSPs.

Question 7

After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

Accepted Answer

A)   reuptake.
B)   synaptic enzymes.
C)   the postsynaptic receptors.
D)   deactivating enzymes.
E)   ribosomes.

Question 8

Which neurotransmitters are often released from string-of-beads axons?

Accepted Answer

A)   monoamines
B)   amino acids
C)   glutamate and GABA
D)   soluble gases
E)   peptides

Question 9

Serotonin is synthesized from

Accepted Answer

A)   tyrosine.
B)   L-DOPA.
C)   tryptophan.
D)   norepinephrine.
E)   epinephrine.

Question 10

Glial cells have been shown to

Accepted Answer

A)   release chemical transmitters.
B)   contain receptors for neurotransmitters.
C)   conduct signals.
D)   participate in neurotransmitter reuptake.
E)   all of the above

Question 11

The receptors of the neuromuscular junction are

Accepted Answer

A)   cholinergic.
B)   nicotinic.
C)   muscarinic.
D)   both A and B
E)   both A and C

Question 12

-Illustrated here is

Accepted Answer

A)   an axon hillock.
B)   a synapse.
C)   a gap junction.
D)   a dendritic spine.
E)   none of the above

Question 13

In comparison to metabotropic receptors, ionotropic receptors produce effects that

Accepted Answer

A)   are less diffuse.
B)   develop more rapidly.
C)   are more enduring.
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and B

Question 14

Which of the following is a passive process that acts to distribute ions evenly in neural tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)   random motion, which tends to move ions down their concentration gradients
B)   electrostatic pressure, which forces ions down their electrostatic gradients
C)   sodium-potassium pumps, which distribute Na+ and K+ ions equally
D)   both A and B
E)   both A and C

Question 15

Neuropeptides are transported from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about

Accepted Answer

A)   100 meters per minute.
B)   40 centimeters per day.
C)   60 meters per second.
D)   40 meters per hour.
E)   20 meters per second.

Question 16

Atropine is

Accepted Answer

A)   an extract of opium.
B)   a cholinergic agonist.
C)   a muscarinic antagonist.
D)   a pupil constrictor.
E)   a catecholamine.

Question 17

Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   Each neuron releases only one neurotransmitter.
B)   Each neurotransmitter acts on only one receptor subtype.
C)   All receptors are in postsynaptic membranes.
D)   All neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft.
E)   none of the above

Question 18

Action potentials begin by the

Accepted Answer

A)   opening of voltage-activated sodium channels.
B)   closing of ligand-activated chloride channels.
C)   closing of ligand-activated potassium channels.
D)   opening of ligand-activated potassium channels.
E)   closing of voltage-activated calcium channels.

Question 19

APs are said to be all-or-none: This means that all APs

Accepted Answer

A)   are the same.
B)   in a particular neuron are the same.
C)   travel at the same speed.
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and C

Question 20

Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement you summary, indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

Accepted Answer

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Exam 4: Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission

Active transmission is to passive transmission as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is only one neurotransmitter that is known to be deactivated in the synaptic cleft by enzymatic action; this neurotransmitter is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Serotonin is synthesized from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Action potentials begin by the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a passive process that acts to distribute ions evenly in neural tissue?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are membrane potentials?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is currently thought to be a valid general principle of synaptic transmission?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ionotropic receptors are linked to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the accompanying figure to summarize how signals are conducted through and from a conventional multipolar neuron.To complement you summary, indicate on the illustration where various events occur.

Correct Answerverified50% for correctly labeling at ...View AnswerShow Answer

The receptors of the neuromuscular junction are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atropine is

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Which neurotransmitters are often released from string-of-beads axons?

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Neuropeptides are transported from the cell body to the buttons at a speed of about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

APs are said to be all-or-none: This means that all APs

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glial cells have been shown to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In comparison to metabotropic receptors, ionotropic receptors produce effects that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A change in the resting potential of a dendrite from -70 mV to -72 mV is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Illustrated here is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The conduction of an action potential along any axon is mediated by the action of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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