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A _____ is a symbolic action performed by consumers to create,affirm,evoke,or revise cultural meanings.

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The cultural process describes how cultural meaning is transferred between social/physical environments,products and services,and individual consumers.

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The purchase/use of gym memberships,home exercise products,vitamins and supplements,and workout clothing is most closely associated with:


A) possession rituals.
B) product nurturing rituals.
C) exchange rituals.
D) personalizing rituals.
E) grooming rituals.

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In a materialistic society,possession is a necessity.

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Increased emphasis upon the values of convenience and time efficient shopping was a major factor in the success of all EXCEPT:


A) mail catalogs.
B) direct mail shopping.
C) TV shopping channels.
D) internet shopping.
E) malls.

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_____ is the economic value of a brand.

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The cultural process is represented by all of the following EXCEPT:


A) that it is transferred by social behavior.
B) that it is continuous.
C) that it is reciprocal.
D) that it is bidirectional.
E) that it is static.

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Which of the following is used to identify segments of consumers having different sets of end values?


A) Ethnographic fieldwork
B) Content analysis
C) VALS
D) Means-end
E) Focus group analysis

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What are core values and how do the changing values affect marketing strategies?

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Core values are the abstract end goals t...

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Consumers buy products as a way to acquire _____ to use in establishing their self-identities.

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_____ are the abstract end goals that people strive to achieve in their lives.

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_____ has been defined as the "importance a consumer attaches to worldly possessions."

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What is ethnographic fieldwork? Why is this approach particularly suited to the study of culture?

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Marketers use ethnographic methods (adap...

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Christmas,weddings,and birthdays allow marketers to take advantage of:


A) exchange rituals.
B) product nurturing rituals.
C) personalizing rituals.
D) possession rituals.
E) bonding rituals.

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A person who purchases accessories for a used car is performing a grooming ritual.

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In order for a meaning to be "cultural",it must be uniformly held by all members of a social group.

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Acquisition rituals may be associated with bidding.

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The most difficult challenge faced by the European Union has proved to be the:


A) introduction of a common currency.
B) reduction of technical barriers.
C) standardization of regulations.
D) elimination of cross-cultural differences.
E) standardization of legal requirements.

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A _____ is a word,image,or object that stands for or represents something else.

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Write short notes on the European Union with respect to the changing culture.

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On January 1,1993,the EU became a common...

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