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Developing ethical issue awareness ​is the first step toward understanding business ethics.

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Prior to the financial meltdown, bond ratings agencies were accused of having _____ because they were paid by the organizations that they rated. The organizations would shop around for the agency that gave them the best rating.


A) an unfair advantage
B) excessively complicated systems
C) a hostile workplace
D) conflicts of interest
E) an unprofitable business model

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Which of the following statements is most correct?


A) Affirmative action programs require quotas to govern employment decisions.
B) Affirmative action programs have eliminated discrimination in employment.
C) Affirmative action programs are required in all organizations by law.
D) Affirmative action programs involve efforts to recruit, hire, train, and promote qualified individuals from groups that have traditionally been discriminated against on the basis of race, gender, or other characteristics.
E) Affirmative action programs have fallen out of favor because they have been proven to result in reverse discrimination against nonminorities who are the most qualified for the position.

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Optimization is defined as


A) the quality of being just, equitable, and impartial.
B) a trade-off between equity and efficiency.
C) an interchange of giving and receiving in social relationships.
D) how wealth or income is distributed between employees within a company.
E) a lack of integrity, incomplete disclosure, and an unwillingness to tell the truth.

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The first step toward understanding business ethics is to


A) know your company's ethical policies.
B) know your own morals and philosophies.
C) know society's ethical policies.
D) develop ethical issue awareness.
E) develop a set of decision-making rules.

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Conflicts of interest exist when employees must choose whether to


A) advance their own personal interests, those of the organization, or those of some other group.
B) advance the interests of the organization or those of society.
C) communicate in ways that deceive, manipulate, or conceal facts in order to harm others.
D) carry out an assignment they perceive to be unethical.
E) report an unethical coworker to outside authorities.

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A(n) _______ requires an individual to choose ​among several actions that have negative outcomes.


A) ​ethical dilemma
B) ​ethical issue
C) ​unethical decision
D) ​dual relationship
E) ​privacy issue

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_____ is defined as any purposeful communication that deceives, manipulates, or conceals facts in order to create a false impression.


A) Stealing
B) Insider trading
C) Fraud
D) Misappropriation
E) Accounting fraud

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What is a conflict of interest? Provide an example.

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A conflict of interestexists when an ind...

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An interchange of giving and receiving in social relationships is known as


A) reciprocity.
B) optimization.
C) honesty.
D) integrity.
E) justice.

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Which of the following is not a side effect of being the victim of workplace bullying?


A) Corporate intelligence
B) Sleep disturbance
C) Depression
D) Increased sick days
E) Stomach problems

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An employee sorts through a competing business's trash to see if there are any documents that could reveal secret information. This is a misuse of


A) an ethical issue.
B) corporate intelligence.
C) collusion.
D) puffery.
E) a moral attribute.

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A company can be sued for discrimination if it


A) abuses or intimidates its employees.
B) creates an anticompetitive corporate culture.
C) discharges a minority individual, but has a just cause for doing so.
D) uses age as a hiring or firing criterion.
E) has more men than women on staff.

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The three fundamental elements that motivate people to be fair are honesty, integrity, and equality. ​

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When a restaurant claims that it sells the world's best cup of coffee, it could be accused of


A) concealed facts.
B) Labeling.
C) deceptive advertising.
D) implied falsity.
E) puffery.

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_____ is associated with a hostile workplace where someone considered a target is threatened, harassed, belittled, or verbally abused.


A) Fraud
B) Sexual harassment
C) Coercive power
D) Bullying
E) Dishonesty

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The Age Discrimination in Employment Act specifically outlaws hiring practices that discriminate against people


A) who are under the age of 18.
B) who are between 16 and 20.
C) who are 40 and over.
D) who are between 39 and 69.
E) who are younger than 18 and older than 39.

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Mr. Smith told his client, Mr. Jabar, who was not an IT expert, that the new software systems were much better than his existing ones. To convince Mr. Jabar, Mr. Smith used a great deal of technical jargon that his client did not really understand. Mr. Smith did this intentionally to confuse Mr. Jabar. This is an example of


A) false advertising.
B) implied falsity.
C) omission lying.
D) noise.
E) surrogate lying.

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Which of the following is not a question you need to ask when you suspect that workplace bullying has occurred?


A) Has your boss given you a raise within the last year?
B) Is your boss asking obviously impossible things from you without training and stating that, once completed, the work is never good enough?
C) Are surprise meetings called without your knowledge?
D) Have others at work told you to stop working, talking, or socializing with them?
E) Are you never left alone to do your job without interference?

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An employee can only ​successfully accuse a co-worker of sexual harassment if it seriously affected his or her psychological well-being or caused injury.

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