Question 1

Exposure to high altitude is a form of ischemic hypoxia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

If the parietal pleura is cut during surgery,the lung on the side of the cut will expand and the chest wall will be compressed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

During inhalation/inspiration,the diaphragm contracts and the alveolar pressure is less than atmospheric pressure;during exhalation/expiration,the diaphragm relaxes and the alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Under what condition is lung compliance increased?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn
B)  Prolonged shallow breathing
C)  Cystic fibrosis
D)  Emphysema
E)  Asthma

Question 5

Decreased alveolar PO₂ causes reflex vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Type II alveolar cells are among the last cells to mature during fetal development.In babies born prematurely,type II alveolar cells are often not ready to perform their functions.Which of the following drugs would be most likely to help an infant with immature type II alveolar cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary surfactant
B)  A beta-adrenergic agonist
C)  A muscarinic agonist
D)  Histamine
E)  A beta-adrenergic antagonist

Question 7

An individual in Boston (sea level)will have a lower tidal volume than an individual in Denver (5,280 feet above sea level).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Susan had heart surgery in October and during the surgery,by accident,the surgeon damaged one of her phrenic nerves leading to paralysis of half of her diaphragm.Immediately upon waking up from surgery,Susan will find that her respiratory rate has decreased.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If all other factors remain the same,which of these results in an increase in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased plasma [H⁺]
B)  Increased plasma temperature
C)  Increased plasma [2,3 diphosphoglycerate]
D)  Increased plasma PO₂
E)  Increased plasma [carbon monoxide]

Question 10

CO₂ can be transported in the blood in which of the following forms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dissolved in plasma
B)  Dissolved in the cytosol of erythrocytes
C)  Bound to hemoglobin
D)  Dissolved in the cytosol of leukocytes
E)  Converted to chloride

Question 11

Which of the following is most responsible for detecting increases in H⁺ concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  The medulla of the brainstem
B)  The peripheral chemoreceptors
C)  The central chemoreceptors
D)  The diaphragm
E)  The dorsal respiratory group

Question 12

In an individual experiencing an asthma attack,arterial blood levels of PO₂ will decrease and arterial blood levels of PCO₂ will increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

At sea level,atmospheric PO₂ is about 760 mmHg.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The control of respiration by centers in the brainstem can be over-ridden by higher brain centers when speaking,breath-holding,undergoing emotional reactions,and experiencing pain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of these is demonstrated by the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  The greater the PO₂ of the blood,the greater the dissociation of O₂ from hemoglobin.
B)  At normal resting systemic arterial PO₂,hemoglobin is almost 100% saturated with oxygen.
C)  At normal resting systemic venous PO₂,only about 75% of the hemoglobin is in the form of deoxyhemoglobin.
D)  More additional oxygen binds to hemoglobin when going from a PO₂ of 60 to 100 mmHg,than is added when going from a PO₂ of 40 to 60 mmHg.
E)  As PO₂ increases,the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen increases linearly.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding pulmonary surfactant is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is secreted by type I alveolar cells.
B)  It increases the compliance of the lungs.
C)  It increases airway resistance.
D)  It is secreted into the intrapleural space.
E)  It can only interact with other lipid molecules.

Question 17

What is the primary regulator of the magnitude of alveolar ventilation under normal circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A)  The H⁺ concentration in the brain extracellular fluid,which is monitored by central chemoreceptors
B)  The PO₂ of the arterial blood,which is monitored by central chemoreceptors
C)  The PO₂ of the arterial blood,which is monitored by peripheral chemoreceptors
D)  The H⁺ concentration in the arterial blood,which is monitored by central chemoreceptors
E)  Stretch receptors in the lung

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding control of respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  A slight decrease in arterial PO₂ is a stronger stimulus for increased ventilation than is a comparable decrease in arterial PCO₂.
B)  The most important signal for regulating ventilation is the H⁺ concentration of arterial blood.
C)  Increased concentrations of lactic acid stimulate ventilation primarily by acting on peripheral chemoreceptors.
D)  An increase in the HCO₃⁻ concentration in blood stimulates ventilation.
E)  At high altitude,a decrease in PCO₂ of the blood stimulates an increase in ventilation.

Question 19

When you head to bed at night,you bring a glass of tap water with you and set it on the nightstand.Upon waking in the morning,you discover there are tiny gas bubbles along the sides of the container.The best explanation for this is

Accepted Answer

A)  the concentration of a particular gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the concentration of that gas in the air to which the liquid is exposed.
B)  different gasses have the same solubility in liquids.
C)  the partial pressure of a gas in a liquid is equal to the amount freely diffusing in the liquid plus the amount bound to large molecules within the liquid.
D)  the partial pressure of a particular gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the partial pressure of that gas in the air to which the liquid is exposed.
E)  as the partial pressure of a particular gas in an air sample increases,the concentration of that gas in a liquid exposed to that air sample decreases.

Question 20

When a person hyperventilates,there are lower than normal levels of PCO₂ and hydrogen ion in arterial blood,a condition called respiratory alkalosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Respiratory Physiology

If the parietal pleura is cut during surgery,the lung on the side of the cut will expand and the chest wall will be compressed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an individual experiencing an asthma attack,arterial blood levels of PO₂ will decrease and arterial blood levels of PCO₂ will increase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most responsible for detecting increases in H⁺ concentration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If all other factors remain the same,which of these results in an increase in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exposure to high altitude is a form of ischemic hypoxia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During inhalation/inspiration,the diaphragm contracts and the alveolar pressure is less than atmospheric pressure;during exhalation/expiration,the diaphragm relaxes and the alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual in Boston (sea level)will have a lower tidal volume than an individual in Denver (5,280 feet above sea level).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

CO₂ can be transported in the blood in which of the following forms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The control of respiration by centers in the brainstem can be over-ridden by higher brain centers when speaking,breath-holding,undergoing emotional reactions,and experiencing pain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At sea level,atmospheric PO₂ is about 760 mmHg.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under what condition is lung compliance increased?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is demonstrated by the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a person hyperventilates,there are lower than normal levels of PCO₂ and hydrogen ion in arterial blood,a condition called respiratory alkalosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding pulmonary surfactant is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Type II alveolar cells are among the last cells to mature during fetal development.In babies born prematurely,type II alveolar cells are often not ready to perform their functions.Which of the following drugs would be most likely to help an infant with immature type II alveolar cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Decreased alveolar PO₂ causes reflex vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding control of respiration is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary regulator of the magnitude of alveolar ventilation under normal circumstances?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Susan had heart surgery in October and during the surgery,by accident,the surgeon damaged one of her phrenic nerves leading to paralysis of half of her diaphragm.Immediately upon waking up from surgery,Susan will find that her respiratory rate has decreased.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you head to bed at night,you bring a glass of tap water with you and set it on the nightstand.Upon waking in the morning,you discover there are tiny gas bubbles along the sides of the container.The best explanation for this is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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