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Exam 4: Direct and Circumstantial Evidence and the Use of Inferences

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Question 31

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Inferences are reasonable conclusions that judges or juries

A) are required to draw.
B) may draw if they so desire.
C) cannot be used against a defendant.
D) cannot be used against the prosecution.

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Question 32

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In the case In Re _____________, the U.S.Supreme Court held that due process required proof of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

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Question 33

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The ____________ clause of the Constitution requires that guilt be proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

In the absence of a confession or admission, intent must usually be proven by circumstantial evidence.

Threatening witnesses or discouraging others from cooperating with the police can sometimes be admissible circumstantial evidence of guilt.

An inference of _____should not be drawn when a defendant or suspect asserts the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination.

In some instances, presumptions may operate against a defendant's right to ____________ and thus be unconstitutional.

_________________ indicates a crime has been committed.

Differentiate a presumption from an inference.

The prosecution must prove the defendant's guilt beyond a/n ____________.

Rape shield statutes can prevent the introduction of circumstantial evidence about the victim.

In general, presumptions are inferences that

Discuss U.S.v.Williams' PROTECT ACT section as it relates to child pornography and the internet.Does this provide enough protection? Why or why not?

The U.S.Supreme Court has held that trial judges must give juries a definition of proof beyond a reasonable doubt.

Presenting _____________ is the means of proving the existence or non-existence of a disputed fact.

Direct evidence is evidence that proves a fact in issue by the use of inferences.

____________ is the result of evidence.

A defendant is found in possession of a very large quantity of illegal drugs.It is permissible to draw the inference that the possession was

Attempting to use evidence that the defendant contacted a lawyer after being charged with a crime is generally not admissible against the defendant.

Fingerprint and shoe print evidence are generally examples of ______________ evidence.