Question 1

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  epitope
B)  hapten
C)  antigen binding site
D)  variable region
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 2

Immunotherapy is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  use of antitoxins
B)  use of immune serum globulin
C)  conferring of passive immunity
D)  administering of preformed antibodies
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 3

Which immunoglobulin class(es) can fix complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM only
B)  IgG only
C)  IgD only
D)  IgM and IgG
E)  IgE and IgA

Question 4

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  skin barriers
B)  B and T lymphocytes
C)  lysozyme
D)  mucous membranes
E)  interferon

Question 5

Destruction of lymphocytes with self specificity is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  clonal deletion
B)  proliferation
C)  clonal selection
D)  differentiation
E)  hypersensitivity

Question 6

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A 2-week-old infant is brought to a family practice office for a scheduled visit. The parents appear anxious, as this is their first child. They express multiple concerns to the nurse about their son's sleep patterns, feeding, and crying. The RN provides empathetic listening and education to calm their fears, and they are receptive to the teaching. When the RN discusses vaccination with the parents, they refuse to vaccinate their son because they have heard vaccines can cause autism in children.
-The parents are concerned when they hear that vaccines consist of whole microbes,even if they have been inactivated.They state that they do not want whole bacteria being put into their son.What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacteria is inactive,so there's no risk of it harming your son.
B)  The chances of the bacteria infecting your son are very slim.
C)  Currently available vaccines have do not contain whole bacteria.
D)  Vaccines are refrigerated and the cold inhibits mutations.

Question 8

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule thereby disrupting their activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutralization
B)  Opsonization
C)  Complement fixation
D)  Agglutination
E)  Anamnestic response

Question 9

Properties of effective antigens include all the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are foreign to the immune system
B)  have molecular complexity
C)  are large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000
D)  have large polymers made up of repeating subunits
E)  are cells or large,complex molecules

Question 10

Each ________ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable
B)  Fab
C)  Fc
D)  terminal
E)  hinge

Question 11

Gamma-delta T cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are considered a bridge between nonspecific and specific immune responses
B)  have T cell-receptors that target a wide range of antigens
C)  can bind to,and become activated by PAMPs
D)  differentiate into memory cells
E)  All of the choices are true.

Question 12

B cell-receptors are similar to T cell-receptors in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  both receptors are similar in size
B)  both receptors have a variable and a constant region
C)  both receptors can be secreted in response to antigen
D)  both receptors are comprised of four polypeptide chains
E)  All of the choices reflect similarities between B cell- and T cell-receptors.

Question 13

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  PAMP
B)  marker
C)  hapten
D)  antibody
E)  antigen

Question 14

An RN working in a general medical-surgical unit is caring for a 57-year-old female with a bladder infection. Two weeks prior to hospitalization, the patient was experiencing slight burning upon urination. She self-treated by increasing her intake of fluids, but her symptoms continued to worsen. One week later, she developed generalized abdominal pain and a fever. She presented to the hospital when the pain became unbearable and fever reached 104°F. She was admitted to the medical-surgical unit and started on multiple IV antibiotics with concern that she could be developing a kidney infection.
-Which line(s) of defense has/have been breached in this patient's case?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the first line of defense has been breached.Her second line of defense is fighting off this infection.
B)  No lines of defense have been breached.Her intact barrier system is keeping her kidneys from becoming infected.
C)  The second line of defense has been breached.Her lymphocytes are now being challenged by this infection.
D)  There are no lines of defense for this sort of infection.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fourth stage of specific immunity involves the production of antibodies by B and T cells against the antigen that initiated the response.
B)  The second stage in the development of specific immunity requires the antigen to be presented to the T cells on the surface of an APC.
C)  During the third stage in the development of specific immunity,B and T cells are challenged by the antigen and respond by differentiating and proliferating.
D)  The initiation of specific immunity involves the development of lymphocytes with the deletion of cells that would react to self molecules.

Question 16

Which statement is true regarding lymphocyte specificity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetic rearrangement in the DNA that codes for antigen receptors results in up to 10 trillion permutations in the variable regions of B- and T lymphocyte-receptors.
B)  There is a different gene for every possible antigen that a lymphocyte may encounter.
C)  B lymphocytes have specificity for a large number of different antigens,however T lymphocytes can recognize only 500 antigens corresponding to the number of gene segments that code for the antigen receptors.
D)  B- and T cell-receptors are identical and both recognize up to 500 antigens corresponding to the gene segments that code for the antigen receptor variable regions.

Question 17

An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chickenpox infection followed by lifelong immunity
B)  chickenpox vaccine which triggers extended immunity to chickenpox
C)  giving a person immune serum globulins to chickenpox virus after exposure to the disease
D)  a fetus acquiring maternal IgG to the chickenpox virus across the placenta
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Plasma cells ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete antibodies
B)  function in allergic reactions
C)  directly destroy target cells
D)  suppress immune reactions
E)  activate B cells and other T cells

Question 19

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are the result of genetic expression
B)  function in recognition of self molecules
C)  receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system
D)  aid in cellular development
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary
B)  Secondary
C)  Tertiary
D)  Quaternary
E)  Memory response

Exam 13: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is true regarding lymphocyte specificity?

Correct Answer
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Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells ________.

Correct Answer
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Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

Correct Answer
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Gamma-delta T cells ________.

Correct Answer
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An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Correct Answer
verified

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

Correct Answer
verified

Immunotherapy is the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct Answer
verified

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Properties of effective antigens include all the following except ________.

Correct Answer
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Which immunoglobulin class(es) can fix complement?

Correct Answer
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B cell-receptors are similar to T cell-receptors in that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Destruction of lymphocytes with self specificity is called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule thereby disrupting their activity?

Correct Answer
verified

Each ________ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true regarding lymphocyte specificity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false regarding the development of specific immunity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamma-delta T cells ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of artificial passive immunity would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immunotherapy is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Activation of B cells occurs when antigen binds to B-cell surface immunoglobulin receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Properties of effective antigens include all the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which immunoglobulin class(es) can fix complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

B cell-receptors are similar to T cell-receptors in that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Destruction of lymphocytes with self specificity is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process involves antibodies covering surface receptors on a virus or toxin molecule thereby disrupting their activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each ________ fragment of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that folds into a groove for one epitope.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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