Question 1

The selective serotonin uptake inhibitors,like the antidepressants Prozac,Zoloft,or Paxil,result in increased levels of serotonin at synapses,which may _____ initially but then lead to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase anxiety;decreased vulnerability to overreact to stress
B)  lead to strong euphoric states;generally decreased happiness
C)  increase depression;modal levels of euphoria
D)  lead to low sensation seeking;high vulnerability to stress

Question 2

Carlos is very competitive,hostile,and impatient.When performing a stressful task,he shows much larger increases in blood pressure and heart rate than others.In this scenario,Carlos most likely has a(n) _____ personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  mesomorphic
B)  Type A
C)  impulsive
D)  reactive

Question 3

Disruptions in sleep-wake cycles due to long airline flights that pass through many time zones are best tolerated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  morning types,if the flights are eastbound.
B)  evening types,if the flights are westbound.
C)  morning types,regardless of the direction of flights.
D)  evening types,regardless of the direction of flights. D

Question 4

According to Jeffrey Gray,_____ is responsive to cues for punishment,frustration,and uncertainty and is responsible for the personality dimension of anxiety.

Accepted Answer

A)  the behavioral activation system
B)  the behavioral inhibition system
C)  dopamine
D)  frontal brain asymmetry B

Question 5

Drugs such as Prozac,Zoloft,and Paxil block the reuptake of serotonin _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  leading morning people to have longer circadian rhythms
B)  leading depressed persons to feel less depressed
C)  causing individuals with greater right-sided activation of the brain to have lower levels of cortisol
D)  activating the sympathetic nervous system for fight-or-flight response

Question 6

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in activating the sympathetic nervous system for fight-or-flight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serotonin
B)  Dopamine
C)  Norepinephrine
D)  Monoamine oxide

Question 7

Measuring the amount of electricity that passes between two electrodes that are placed on the palm of one hand of an individual determines:

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiovascular reactivity.
B)  electrocardiogram activity.
C)  electrodermal activity.
D)  electroencephalogram activity.

Question 8

Most physiologically oriented psychologists would agree that:

Accepted Answer

A)  physiology is destiny.
B)  physiology does not change over time.
C)  physiology is only one cause among many for explaining behavior.
D)  physiology determines behavior.

Question 9

Jeffrey Gray has primarily conducted research:

Accepted Answer

A)  with animals.
B)  using questionnaires.
C)  using measures of electrodermal activity.
D)  with college sophomores.

Question 10

Which of the following dimensions is mostly due to biological rhythms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extraversion
B)  Sensation seeking
C)  Morningness-eveningness
D)  Impulsivity

Question 11

The small bit of brain matter destroyed by Elliot's tumor was essential in transmitting _____ information to the higher reasoning centers of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  spatial
B)  emotional
C)  reasoning
D)  memory

Question 12

Hebb's theory of optimal level of arousal was controversial because:

Accepted Answer

A)  most researchers thought that tension reduction was the goal of all motives,yet he was saying that individuals are motivated to seek out tension and stimulation.
B)  most researchers thought that he hypothesized that individuals seek out higher levels of tension without a means for reducing tension in the body.
C)  it hypothesized that individuals cannot maintain an optimal level of arousal for a significant period of time.
D)  it hypothesized that individuals are punished when they are not in a state of optimal arousal.

Question 13

Sherlyn wants her husband to wash their car over the weekend.According to Jeffrey Gray's theory of personality,the best way to get her impulsive husband to complete the task is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  let him do the task without interruptions.
B)  promise him his favorite dinner once he finishes the task.
C)  threaten him with another difficult task if this task is not completed.
D)  yell at him whenever he takes a break during the task.

Question 14

To ensure accurate measurement of cardiovascular activity,researchers typically:

Accepted Answer

A)  measure the number of heartbeats per minute.
B)  measure skin conductance between heartbeats.
C)  measure the time interval between successive beats.
D)  measure the average systolic blood pressure.

Question 15

Davidson and his colleagues found that monkeys with greater right-sided activation had higher levels of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol
B)  norepinephrine
C)  serotonin
D)  dopamine

Question 16

Bored people may seek out mild stimulation to:

Accepted Answer

A)  invigorate their nervous system.
B)  reach an optimal level of arousal.
C)  avoid a higher level of stimulation.
D)  reduce tension in their nervous system.

Question 17

An electroencephalograph is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical activity produced in the brain.
B)  skin conductance.
C)  cardiac reactivity.
D)  levels of cortisol present in the bloodstream.

Question 18

According to H.J.Eysenck,introverts avoid social situations because:

Accepted Answer

A)  they do not like people.
B)  they also score high on measures of anxiety.
C)  they have too much monoamine oxidase.
D)  they are likely to become overaroused in social situations.

Question 19

H.J.Eysenck's revised arousal theory suggests that introverts and extraverts primarily differ in their:

Accepted Answer

A)  baseline arousal levels.
B)  arousal responses.
C)  maximal arousal levels.
D)  behavioral activation systems.

Question 20

When Monica is shown negative images,such as spiders,people crying,etc. ,there is an increased frontal brain activation to these images.She is most likely to have the personality trait of:

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion.
B)  neuroticism.
C)  quarrelsomeness.
D)  sensation seeking. B

Exam 7: Physiological Approaches to Personality

The selective serotonin uptake inhibitors,like the antidepressants Prozac,Zoloft,or Paxil,result in increased levels of serotonin at synapses,which may _____ initially but then lead to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carlos is very competitive,hostile,and impatient.When performing a stressful task,he shows much larger increases in blood pressure and heart rate than others.In this scenario,Carlos most likely has a(n) _____ personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Disruptions in sleep-wake cycles due to long airline flights that pass through many time zones are best tolerated by:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

According to Jeffrey Gray,_____ is responsive to cues for punishment,frustration,and uncertainty and is responsible for the personality dimension of anxiety.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Drugs such as Prozac,Zoloft,and Paxil block the reuptake of serotonin _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in activating the sympathetic nervous system for fight-or-flight?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Measuring the amount of electricity that passes between two electrodes that are placed on the palm of one hand of an individual determines:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most physiologically oriented psychologists would agree that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jeffrey Gray has primarily conducted research:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following dimensions is mostly due to biological rhythms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The small bit of brain matter destroyed by Elliot's tumor was essential in transmitting _____ information to the higher reasoning centers of the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hebb's theory of optimal level of arousal was controversial because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sherlyn wants her husband to wash their car over the weekend.According to Jeffrey Gray's theory of personality,the best way to get her impulsive husband to complete the task is to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To ensure accurate measurement of cardiovascular activity,researchers typically:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Davidson and his colleagues found that monkeys with greater right-sided activation had higher levels of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bored people may seek out mild stimulation to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An electroencephalograph is a measure of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to H.J.Eysenck,introverts avoid social situations because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

H.J.Eysenck's revised arousal theory suggests that introverts and extraverts primarily differ in their:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Monica is shown negative images,such as spiders,people crying,etc. ,there is an increased frontal brain activation to these images.She is most likely to have the personality trait of:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The selective serotonin uptake inhibitors,like the antidepressants Prozac,Zoloft,or Paxil,result in increased levels of serotonin at synapses,which may _ initially but then lead to _.

Correct Answer
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D

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B

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B