Question 1

The fluoridation of public drinking water is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  responsible for a 40% to 60% reduction in dental caries in children
B)  an effective means of providing dietary selenium
C)  not as effective as fluoridated toothpaste
D)  mandatory in all states in the U.S.

Question 2

Risk factors for osteoporosis include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  overweight and obesity
B)  amenorrhea
C)  African-American race
D)  high levels of physical activity

Question 3

What trace mineral aids in vitamin E function?

Accepted Answer

The trace mineral that aids in vitamin E...

Question 4

Vitamin A deficiency is characterized by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inability to produce insulin
B)  failure to form blood clots
C)  inability to adapt quickly to changes in light intensity
D)  production of excessive amounts of collagen

Question 5

Healthy, light-skinned individuals can make sufficient vitamin D to meet the body's needs with about ________ of sun exposure on their face, arms, and hands 2 or 3 times per week.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 minutes
B)  60 minutes
C)  90 minutes
D)  120 minutes A

Question 6

Vitamin D is sometimes called the sunshine vitamin because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it is available in fresh orange juice
B)  exposure to sunlight converts a precursor form to vitamin D
C)  it can be destroyed by exposure to sunlight
D)  it is the yellow-orange color of the sun

Question 7

The 250 mg of calcium found in a cup of spinach ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is the only source of calcium for a vegan
B)  has low bioavailability because the calcium is bound to oxalic acid
C)  is poorly absorbed unless the spinach is cooked
D)  has low bioavailability because the calcium is bound to phytic acid

Question 8

A high intake of vitamin E can ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  interfere with vitamin K's blood-clotting activity
B)  result in lead poisoning
C)  inhibit copper absorption
D)  cause atherosclerosis A

Question 9

The most likely cause of a vitamin A toxicity would be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  consuming large amounts of dark green and yellow vegetables
B)  eating sautéed liver and onions twice a week
C)  consuming high levels of vitamin A supplements
D)  drinking carrot juice twice a day

Question 10

Rhodopsin, the visual pigment in the retina of the eye, is regenerated when opsin combines with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  retinoic acid
B)  11-cis retinal
C)  13-cis-retinol
D)  beta-carotene

Question 11

Vitamin D deficiency in adults is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoporosis
B)  osteomalacia
C)  rickets
D)  hypocalcemia B

Question 12

The amino acids _______ and ________ are hydroxylated with the aid of vitamin C to form strong connective tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)  proline; lysine
B)  glutamic acid; alanine
C)  threonine; methionine
D)  methionine; homocysteine

Question 13

Absorption of dietary calcium in the duodenum is aided by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  consumption of lactose
B)  acidic environment
C)  1, 25 (OH) 2 vitamin D
D)  All of these choices are accurate

Question 14

Excess intake of vitamin D ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is readily excreted
B)  can cause hypercalcemia
C)  can cause rickets
D)  can cause osteomalacia

Question 15

Individuals advised to consume calcium supplements should consume ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  about 2,000 mg in a single dose each day
B)  only calcium citrate as other calcium salts are poorly absorbed
C)  an amount of no more than 500 mg with or just after a meal
D)  the calcium supplement at the same time as other mineral supplements

Question 16

The two life stage groups with the highest RDAs for calcium are _________ and _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  children; adolescents
B)  infants; children
C)  adolescents; adults over age 50
D)  infants; adolescents

Question 17

Vitamin E is a family of compounds comprised of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 tocopherols
B)  4 tocotrienols
C)  4 triglycerides
D)  4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols

Question 18

The nutrient that can be considered both a vitamin and a hormone is vitamin ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  E
B)  K
C)  D
D)  A

Question 19

The RDA for adults for phosphorus is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same as calcium
B)  twice the amount of calcium
C)  700 mg/d
D)  200 mg/d

Question 20

The main active form of vitamin D in the body is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitriol
B)  retinal
C)  cholecalciferol
D)  calcitonin

Exam 15: Bone Health and Body Defense Systems

The fluoridation of public drinking water is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Risk factors for osteoporosis include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What trace mineral aids in vitamin E function?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe trace mineral that aids in vitamin E...View AnswerShow Answer

Vitamin A deficiency is characterized by the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Healthy, light-skinned individuals can make sufficient vitamin D to meet the body's needs with about ________ of sun exposure on their face, arms, and hands 2 or 3 times per week.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Vitamin D is sometimes called the sunshine vitamin because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 250 mg of calcium found in a cup of spinach ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A high intake of vitamin E can ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The most likely cause of a vitamin A toxicity would be ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rhodopsin, the visual pigment in the retina of the eye, is regenerated when opsin combines with ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin D deficiency in adults is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The amino acids _______ and ________ are hydroxylated with the aid of vitamin C to form strong connective tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Absorption of dietary calcium in the duodenum is aided by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Excess intake of vitamin D ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals advised to consume calcium supplements should consume ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two life stage groups with the highest RDAs for calcium are _________ and _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin E is a family of compounds comprised of the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nutrient that can be considered both a vitamin and a hormone is vitamin ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RDA for adults for phosphorus is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main active form of vitamin D in the body is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Answered by ExamLex AI
The trace mineral that aids in vitamin E...
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The amino acids _ and __ are hydroxylated with the aid of vitamin C to form strong connective tissue.

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The two life stage groups with the highest RDAs for calcium are _ and _.

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