Question 1

The most widely used solidifying agent is __________, which is derived from seaweed.

Accepted Answer

A)   agar
B)   gelatin
C)   starch
D)   cellulose
E)   glycogen

Question 2

In the laboratory, Escherichia coli can divide into two cells every:

Accepted Answer

A)   1-5 minutes
B)   5-10 minutes
C)   20-30 minutes
D)   50-60 minutes
E)   2 hours

Question 3

Eukaryotic microorganisms enter the __________ phase at much lower cell numbers than bacteria simply because they are bigger than bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)   lag
B)   exponential
C)   stationary
D)   death
E)   log

Question 4

How do scientists know of the existence of "unculturable" organisms?

Accepted Answer

By using molecular biology tools such as...

Question 5

The time between inoculation and the beginning of growth is usually called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   lag phase
B)   early log phase
C)   late log phase
D)   stationary phase
E)   death phase

Question 6

How do some cyanobacteria fix nitrogen while growing aerobically?

Accepted Answer

A)   They don't, because nitrogenase is destroyed by oxygen.
B)   They use special cells called heterocysts that protect the enzyme.
C)   They use cysts that protect the enzyme.
D)   They do it using no special structures or mechanisms.
E)   They live symbiotically with other organisms that protect the enzyme.

Question 7

Why is iron so often a limiting nutrient, when it seems to be so abundant in the environment, and how can organisms overcome this problem?

Accepted Answer

Iron is usually not free in nature but l...

Question 8

When studying the metabolism of an organism, why is it better to grow organisms in a defined synthetic medium instead of a complex medium?

Accepted Answer

It is difficult to characterize an organ...

Question 9

Which of the following prokaryotic transport systems does NOT require the use of cellular energy to bring compounds into the cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   facilitated diffusion
B)   ABC transport
C)   siderophores
D)   group translocation
E)   endocytosis

Question 10

Which of the following proteins represents a coupled transport system where two molecules travel in the same direction?

Accepted Answer

A)   aquaporin
B)   symport
C)   antiport
D)   porin
E)   diffusion transporters B

Question 11

Why does a microbe's growth rate in its natural environment vary greatly from that in the laboratory? Give at least two reasons for this.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. A laboratory setting ...

Question 12

Compare and contrast complex media, synthetic media, and enriched media.

Accepted Answer

Complex media contain things such as yea...

Question 13

Metabolism of a microbe is best examined by growing the organism in a:

Accepted Answer

A)   defined medium
B)   complex medium
C)   spread plate
D)   pour plate
E)   cell culture A

Question 14

__________ can consume glucose and, in the absence of oxygen, can break it down into ethanol and carbon dioxide gas.

Accepted Answer

A)   E. coli
B)   Phototrophs
C)   Yeast
D)   Archaea
E)   Bacteria

Question 15

During which stage of bacterial growth is the culture growing exponentially?

Accepted Answer

A)   lag
B)   early log
C)   late log
D)   stationary
E)   death

Question 16

The best method to isolate single colonies is the __________ plate, and the best method to count colonies is the __________ plate.

Accepted Answer

A)   streak; pour
B)   pour; streak
C)   defined; complex
D)   complex; defined
E)   spread; streak

Question 17

A problem with __________ of cell number is that dead cells also scatter light.

Accepted Answer

A)   direct microscopic counts
B)   viable counts
C)   spread plate counts
D)   pour plate counts
E)   optical density measurements

Question 18

The time interval required for the formation of two cells from one is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)   generation time
B)   growth time
C)   growth rate
D)   exponential rate
E)   log phase

Question 19

The majority of nitrogen in soil and marine environments is fixed by:

Accepted Answer

A)   free-living bacteria
B)   symbionts
C)   E. coli
D)   biofilm organisms
E)   UV light A

Question 20

If an organism produces seven offspring per generation, which of the following would express the rate of increase in population, where n corresponds to the number of generations?

Accepted Answer

A)   2n
B)   n2
C)   7n
D)   n7
E)   2n7

Exam 4: Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

The most widely used solidifying agent is __________, which is derived from seaweed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the laboratory, Escherichia coli can divide into two cells every:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic microorganisms enter the __________ phase at much lower cell numbers than bacteria simply because they are bigger than bacteria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do scientists know of the existence of "unculturable" organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedBy using molecular biology tools such as...View AnswerShow Answer

The time between inoculation and the beginning of growth is usually called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do some cyanobacteria fix nitrogen while growing aerobically?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is iron so often a limiting nutrient, when it seems to be so abundant in the environment, and how can organisms overcome this problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedIron is usually not free in nature but l...View AnswerShow Answer

When studying the metabolism of an organism, why is it better to grow organisms in a defined synthetic medium instead of a complex medium?

Correct AnswerverifiedIt is difficult to characterize an organ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following prokaryotic transport systems does NOT require the use of cellular energy to bring compounds into the cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following proteins represents a coupled transport system where two molecules travel in the same direction?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Why does a microbe's growth rate in its natural environment vary greatly from that in the laboratory? Give at least two reasons for this.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. A laboratory setting ...View AnswerShow Answer

Compare and contrast complex media, synthetic media, and enriched media.

Correct AnswerverifiedComplex media contain things such as yea...View AnswerShow Answer

Metabolism of a microbe is best examined by growing the organism in a:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

__________ can consume glucose and, in the absence of oxygen, can break it down into ethanol and carbon dioxide gas.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which stage of bacterial growth is the culture growing exponentially?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best method to isolate single colonies is the __________ plate, and the best method to count colonies is the __________ plate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A problem with __________ of cell number is that dead cells also scatter light.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The time interval required for the formation of two cells from one is called the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of nitrogen in soil and marine environments is fixed by:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

If an organism produces seven offspring per generation, which of the following would express the rate of increase in population, where n corresponds to the number of generations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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By using molecular biology tools such as...
View Answer

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Iron is usually not free in nature but l...
View Answer

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It is difficult to characterize an organ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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B

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Answers will vary. A laboratory setting ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Complex media contain things such as yea...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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A

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Correct Answer
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The best method to isolate single colonies is the plate, and the best method to count colonies is the plate.

Correct Answer
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A

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