Question 1

Ampicillin, amoxicillin, mezlocillin, and penicillin G all have ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a beta-lactam ring.
B)  an expanded spectrum of activity.
C)  resistance to the action of penicillinase.
D)  a semisynthetic nature.

Question 2

Infections caused by gram-negative bacilli are often treated with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillin G
B)  vancomycin
C)  aminoglycosides
D)  synercid
E)  isoniazid

Question 3

A drug exhibiting which therapeutic index value would be the safest, most effective to use on a patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  20
B)  10
C)  1
D)  0.1
E)  Any choice would be equally effective.

Question 4

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxazolidinones
B)  Macrolides
C)  Aminoglycosides
D)  Sulfonamides
E)  Tetracyclines

Question 5

Antimicrobial drugs that inhibit folic acid synthesis work with no side effects because mammals must get folic acid from their diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Each of the following contributes to emerging drug resistance except

Accepted Answer

A)  overuse of antibiotics.
B)  improper use of antibiotics.
C)  multiple drug therapy.
D)  ingestion of antibiotics with animal feed.
E)  addition of antibiotics to common household products.

Question 7

Which antimicrobial does not inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gentamicin
B)  Vancomycin
C)  Cephalosporins
D)  Penicillins
E)  Carbapenems

Question 8

Which of the following is not a drug group used to treat fungal infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quinolones
B)  Macrolide polyene antibiotics
C)  Griseofulvin
D)  Synthetic azoles
E)  Flucytosine

Question 9

Drugs that are hepatotoxic cause damage to a patient's kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A major source of naturally produced penicillin is the mold ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillium notatum
B)  Penicillium chrysogenum
C)  Penicillium familiaris
D)  Naturally produced penicillin is no longer used.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a therapeutic benefit of interferon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduces healing time
B)  Increases white blood cell count
C)  Prevents or reduces some cold symptoms
D)  Slows progress of some cancers
E)  Treats hepatitis C

Question 12

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobials in broth, and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

Accepted Answer

A)  A Kirby-Bauer technique
B)  A antibiogram
C)  An E-test
D)  A minimum inhibitory concentration (MI
C)   test
E)  A therapeutic index (TI)

Question 13

The MIC is the smallest concentration of an antimicrobial required to inhibit the growth of the microbe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The multidrug resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes function by

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial chromosomal mutations.
B)  synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure.
C)  removing the drug from the cell when it enters.

Question 15

You have given a dosage of an antibiotic to a patient for his infection, but the patient is not getting any better.The MIC tests shows that the drug that you prescribed, at the dosage that was given, should work against this particular strain of bacterium.What do you think might be the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  The drug might be broken down in the patient's body before it can have its full effect on the bacterium.
B)  The patient is resistant to the drug.
C)  The bacterium is immune to the chemical effects of the drug.
D)  The drug was improperly made at the pharmaceutical company, so is no longer effective.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Block penetration
B)  Block transcription and translation
C)  Inhibit DNA synthesis
D)  Block maturation
E)  Bond to ergosterol in the cell membrane

Question 17

Three classmates from microbiology class are talking about drug resistance.They each disagree about the definition of the term so they state his or her definition and give a justification.Compare the various definitions and justifications below and pick the one that is most accurate.

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacterium becomes immune to the drug; the drug no longer kills or inhibits the bacterium.
B)  The person becomes resistant to the drug; the body adjusts to the dosage of the chemical and no longer responds to its action.
C)  The drug is changed in the body and is inactivated physically and chemically so it no longer works properly against the bacterium.
D)  The bacterium has changed physically or chemically in some way to be able to destroy the drug or avoid its action, allowing it to grow unimpeded by the drug.

Question 18

Organisms have a tendency to develop resistance to beta-lactams, and humans can develop allergic reactions to them.A drug that also targets the cell wall and can be used as an alternative is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  streptomycin
B)  vancomycin
C)  tetracycline
D)  chloramphenicol
E)  fluoroquinolone

Question 19

What molecule will allow some bacteria to be resistant to many penicillins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Synercid
B)  Penicillinase
C)  Aztreonam
D)  Clavulanic acid
E)  Imipenem

Question 20

Selective toxicity exhibited by a drug means that

Accepted Answer

A)  the drug is effective against the target organism, but not the human host.
B)  the drug kills some organisms but not others.
C)  the drug is effective against gram-positive bacteria but not gram-negative.
D)  the drug is toxic to the human host but ineffective against the organism.

Exam 12: Antimicrobial Treatment

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following contributes to emerging drug resistance except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have given a dosage of an antibiotic to a patient for his infection, but the patient is not getting any better.The MIC tests shows that the drug that you prescribed, at the dosage that was given, should work against this particular strain of bacterium.What do you think might be the problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antimicrobial drugs that inhibit folic acid synthesis work with no side effects because mammals must get folic acid from their diet.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major source of naturally produced penicillin is the mold ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A drug exhibiting which therapeutic index value would be the safest, most effective to use on a patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs that are hepatotoxic cause damage to a patient's kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three classmates from microbiology class are talking about drug resistance.They each disagree about the definition of the term so they state his or her definition and give a justification.Compare the various definitions and justifications below and pick the one that is most accurate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a drug group used to treat fungal infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ampicillin, amoxicillin, mezlocillin, and penicillin G all have ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a therapeutic benefit of interferon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a mode of action of antiviral drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective toxicity exhibited by a drug means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which antimicrobial does not inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The multidrug resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes function by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infections caused by gram-negative bacilli are often treated with ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The MIC is the smallest concentration of an antimicrobial required to inhibit the growth of the microbe.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilutions of several antimicrobials in broth, and then incubates each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient's isolated pathogen.What is this microbiologist setting up?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms have a tendency to develop resistance to beta-lactams, and humans can develop allergic reactions to them.A drug that also targets the cell wall and can be used as an alternative is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What molecule will allow some bacteria to be resistant to many penicillins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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