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John's purchase behavior is influenced by his hobbies of golf, working out, and fishing; his interest in cars, music, and travel; and his deeply held political beliefs on immigration and his opinions on saving the environment. All of these are part of the personal influence factor called:


A) attitude.
B) socioeconomic characteristics.
C) beliefs.
D) lifestyle.
E) demographics.

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Which of the following is an advantage of the observational method over the communication method of gathering primary data?


A) Versatility
B) Speed
C) Cost savings
D) Objectivity
E) None of the above

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One advantage of the contrived setting over the natural setting is that:


A) conclusions can be drawn without the actual recording of data.
B) there is no pressure on the customer to behave "correctly."
C) the information from the observations is much more generalizable.
D) it is reflective of customer behavior in actual shop settings.
E) one does not have to wait for the event to occur.

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A general advantage of the questionnaire approach over the observational approach is its versatility or wide scope.

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Ferrari has segmented their market on the basis of income and lifestyle. Their target market has household income greater than $200,000 and enjoys spectator sports like NASCAR racing. These two segmentation variables are grouped under the broader classifications of:


A) demographics and product awareness.
B) psychographics and customer intentions.
C) geographic and motives.
D) demographics and psychographics.
E) demographics and product usage.

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A common use of demographic and socioeconomic data in marketing is:


A) delineating market segments.
B) investigating intentions to purchase.
C) relating attitudes to opinions.
D) discovering motivations.
E) determining brand awareness.

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The amount of time the respondent deliberates before answering a question is called ____________________.

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Disguised observation is a more accurate way of recording consumer behavior than undisguised observation.

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____________________ observation is more likely to be used in exploratory research than in descriptive or causal research.

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Which of the following is an example of the observation method of collecting primary data?


A) Administering a questionnaire to shoppers in a supermarket.
B) Recording the amount of time a shopper stops in front of a point-of-purchase display.
C) Asking shoppers which brand they noticed first in a shelf display.
D) Conducting a telephone survey to determine which brands of detergent are purchased by mothers with young children.
E) Using a tape recorder to gather shopper impressions of a new store layout design.

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A method of data collection where the situation of interest is watched and the relevant facts, actions, or behaviors are recorded is called:


A) observation.
B) communication.
C) deduction.
D) extrapolation.
E) interpretation.

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Consumers are said to have retained more knowledge from the ad when they can state the brand in an unaided recall test compared to a test where they have been given hints.

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Attitudes and opinions are best determined by observation.

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One of the advantages of the observation technique is that, unlike the communication technique, it captures the past and the future intentions of the consumer.

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In the voice-pitch analysis method of observation, the more the voice pitch differs from the respondent's normal pitch the greater is the emotional intensity of the consumer's reaction to an advertisement.

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Frito-Lay's division of snackers into two categories was based on the:


A) attitudes and opinions of the customers.
B) aided recall of the consumers.
C) lifestyle analysis of the consumers.
D) knowledge of the product.
E) literacy levels of the consumers.

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An opinion is an individual's overall evaluation of something.

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Observational research is often considered the best method of generating valid data as this method is completely error free.

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The ability of a data collection technique to provide many types of primary data is known as ____________________.

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Which of the following is true about primary data?


A) A motive may refer to any inner state that channels behavior toward goals.
B) A general advantage of the questionnaire approach over the observational approach is its versatility or wide scope.
C) A person's intention refers to her anticipated or planned future behavior.
D) Only a and b
E) a, b, and c.

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