Question 1

The model that assumes that evolution proceeds with slow successive change in a given evolutionary line is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  successive descent model.
B)  punctuated equilibrium.
C)  gradualism.
D)  the allopatric model.
E)  the sympatric model.

Question 2

Adaptive radiation is likely to produce several to many

Accepted Answer

A)  key innovations.
B)  species clusters.
C)  sterile hybrids.
D)  reproductive isolating mechanisms.
E)  races.

Question 3

Select the best answer from the choices listed that describes punctuated equilibrium proposed by Eldredge and Gould in 1972.It is an evolutionary process that involves

Accepted Answer

A)  gradual change observable in the fossil record with very little if any stasis.
B)  "spurts" of change observable in the fossil record followed by periods of stasis.
C)  gradual change observable in the fossil record followed by periods of stasis.
D)  "spurts" of change observable in the fossil record with very little if any stasis.
E)  gradual change observable in the fossil record followed by periods of no change at all.

Question 4

The most common mechanism for sympatric speciation in plants is

Accepted Answer

A)  polyploidy.
B)  geographic isolation.
C)  spontaneous mutation.
D)  punctuated equilibrium.
E)  disruptive selection.

Question 5

Imagine two species of birds with similar beak sizes and diets.Where the two species are allopatric,we would expect that their beak sizes

Accepted Answer

A)  should not differ than when sympatric.
B)  should differ more than when sympatric.
C)  should differ less than when sympatriC.
D)  should both be larger.
E)  should both be smaller.

Question 6

Which one of the following statements about the Lake Victoria cichlid fishes is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adaptive radiation of the estimated 300 species of cichlid fish was very rapid and took place during the last 200,000 years.
B)  The adaptive radiation of the Lake Victoria cichlids may have resulted from a key evolutionary innovation.
C)  Speciation of the Lake Victoria cichlids was mainly allopatric and resulted from varying lake levels.
D)  The diversity of the Lake Victoria cichlids continues today because the lake is devoid of predators.
E)  Many of the Lake Victoria cichlids have very specialized adaptations that allow them to occupy diverse habitats within the lakE.

Question 7

Which one of the following statements about gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darwin's publication,On the Origin of Species,changed the view of evolution from gradualism to that of punctuated equilibrium.
B)  The pace of evolution according to the theory of gradualism is like the pace during stasis according to the theory of punctuated equilibrium.
C)  According to the theory of punctuated equilibrium,evolutionary change occurs only during brief periods of speciation.
D)  Stasis is likely caused by periods of stabilizing and oscillating selection.
E)  Gradualism suggests that evolutionary change is not linked to speciation.

Question 8

Which one of the following statements about the adaptive radiation of New Zealand alpine buttercups is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allopatric speciation occurred mainly during periods of glacial recession.
B)  Divergence occurred mainly during periods of glacial advance.
C)  The availability of a variety of habitats favored diversification.
D)  Reproductive isolation was reinforced mainly during periods of glacial recession.
E)  Sympatric speciation is unimportant in explaining the adaptive radiation of New Zealand alpine buttercups.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about speciation on island archipelagos?

Accepted Answer

A)  Speciation is slow because it depends on emigration from the mainland.
B)  Most speciation occurs allopatrically.
C)  Ecological competition may cause new species to go extinct slowing speciation.
D)  Speciation by polyploidy is most common.
E)  Species clusters are less common.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a reason that the Galapagos Islands and the Hawaiian Islands have so many endemic species of flies and birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  numerous islands in archipelago
B)  adequate distance between islands to allow divergence
C)  founder effect when islands are colonized
D)  character displacement
E)  numerous volcanic events

Question 11

The __________ __________ model assumes that evolution occurs in spurts,between which there are long periods of stasis with little evolutionary change.

Accepted Answer

punctuated...

Question 12

Lake Victoria is famous for its variety of cichlid fishes.In fact,they offer the most diverse assembly of vertebrates presently known to science.One trait that scientists have focused on,as one possible reason for their adaptability is

Accepted Answer

A)  a second set of scales that lie beneath the top outermost scales.
B)  a second set of jaws in their throats.
C)  gill arches that are not covered by an operculum,which prevents hiding places for gill parasites.
D)  digestive tracts that are able to process most substrates,which has eliminated the need for feeding specialization.
E)  ability to change color in relationship to their environment.

Question 13

If a new species is produced by the interbreeding of two members of distinct species,this would be __________ speciation achieved via __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric;autopolyploidy
B)  allopatric;allopolyploidy
C)  sympatric;autopolyploidy
D)  sympatric;allopolyploidy
E)  sympatric;divergence

Question 14

A virgin pine forest covers a valley,and one of the inhabitants is a red squirrel species.A large volcanic eruption occurs and separates the valley with a huge lava flow that the squirrels cannot cross,thus producing two isolated populations of squirrels.What change needs to occur for the two populations of squirrels to become separate species?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two squirrel populations must eat distinct species of plants.
B)  The area that the squirrel populations occupy changes so that the squirrel populations exist in distinct habitats.
C)  The fur color of the two squirrel populations must become distinct.
D)  The two squirrel populations select mates using the same sexual behavior.
E)  The two squirrel populations become reproductively isolated.

Question 15

The process by which related species become more different in order to reduce competition is called ___________ __________.

Accepted Answer

character ...

Question 16

Two groups of organisms that differ from one another in one or more characteristics and do not hybridize extensively if they occur together in nature are considered to be different

Accepted Answer

A)  races.
B)  species.
C)  kingdoms.
D)  hybrids.
E)  cohabitants.

Question 17

In the southeastern U.S. ,two species of wild lettuce (Lactuca) do not usually form hybrids,because they bloom at different seasons.The means of isolation appears to be

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral.
B)  temporal.
C)  geographical.
D)  mechanical.
E)  ecological.

Question 18

The model proposed by Eldredge and Gould for the formation of species is called the ___________ model.

Accepted Answer

A)  gradualism
B)  punctuated equilibrium
C)  adaptation
D)  natural selection
E)  common descent

Question 19

Prezygotic mechanisms lead to reproductive isolation by preventing the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  mating pairs.
B)  fertile eggs.
C)  fertile sperm or pollen cells.
D)  somatic cells.
E)  hybrid zygotes.

Question 20

Which form of speciation is most rapid?

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric speciation on the mainland
B)  allopatric speciation on the island archipelagos
C)  sympatric speciation via polyploidy
D)  sympatric speciation via disruptive selection
E)  sympatric speciation via character displacement

Exam 22: The Origin of Species

Imagine two species of birds with similar beak sizes and diets.Where the two species are allopatric,we would expect that their beak sizes

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a reason that the Galapagos Islands and the Hawaiian Islands have so many endemic species of flies and birds?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements about the Lake Victoria cichlid fishes is false?

Correct Answer
verified

The model proposed by Eldredge and Gould for the formation of species is called the ___________ model.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true about speciation on island archipelagos?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Prezygotic mechanisms lead to reproductive isolation by preventing the formation of

Correct Answer
verified

The most common mechanism for sympatric speciation in plants is

Correct Answer
verified

Adaptive radiation is likely to produce several to many

Correct Answer
verified

Which form of speciation is most rapid?

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following statements about the adaptive radiation of New Zealand alpine buttercups is false?

Correct Answer
verified

The process by which related species become more different in order to reduce competition is called _ .

Correct Answer
verified
character ...
View Answer

Select the best answer from the choices listed that describes punctuated equilibrium proposed by Eldredge and Gould in 1972.It is an evolutionary process that involves

Correct Answer
verified

Two groups of organisms that differ from one another in one or more characteristics and do not hybridize extensively if they occur together in nature are considered to be different

Correct Answer
verified

The model assumes that evolution occurs in spurts,between which there are long periods of stasis with little evolutionary change.

Correct Answer
verified
punctuated...
View Answer

Lake Victoria is famous for its variety of cichlid fishes.In fact,they offer the most diverse assembly of vertebrates presently known to science.One trait that scientists have focused on,as one possible reason for their adaptability is

Correct Answer
verified

The model that assumes that evolution proceeds with slow successive change in a given evolutionary line is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements about gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is false?

Correct Answer
verified

If a new species is produced by the interbreeding of two members of distinct species,this would be speciation achieved via .

Correct Answer
verified

In the southeastern U.S. ,two species of wild lettuce (Lactuca) do not usually form hybrids,because they bloom at different seasons.The means of isolation appears to be

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: The Origin of Species

Imagine two species of birds with similar beak sizes and diets.Where the two species are allopatric,we would expect that their beak sizes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a reason that the Galapagos Islands and the Hawaiian Islands have so many endemic species of flies and birds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about the Lake Victoria cichlid fishes is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The model proposed by Eldredge and Gould for the formation of species is called the ___________ model.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about speciation on island archipelagos?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prezygotic mechanisms lead to reproductive isolation by preventing the formation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common mechanism for sympatric speciation in plants is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adaptive radiation is likely to produce several to many

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which form of speciation is most rapid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about the adaptive radiation of New Zealand alpine buttercups is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which related species become more different in order to reduce competition is called ___________ __________.

Correct Answerverifiedcharacter ...View AnswerShow Answer

Select the best answer from the choices listed that describes punctuated equilibrium proposed by Eldredge and Gould in 1972.It is an evolutionary process that involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two groups of organisms that differ from one another in one or more characteristics and do not hybridize extensively if they occur together in nature are considered to be different

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ __________ model assumes that evolution occurs in spurts,between which there are long periods of stasis with little evolutionary change.

Correct Answerverifiedpunctuated...View AnswerShow Answer

Lake Victoria is famous for its variety of cichlid fishes.In fact,they offer the most diverse assembly of vertebrates presently known to science.One trait that scientists have focused on,as one possible reason for their adaptability is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The model that assumes that evolution proceeds with slow successive change in a given evolutionary line is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a new species is produced by the interbreeding of two members of distinct species,this would be __________ speciation achieved via __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the southeastern U.S. ,two species of wild lettuce (Lactuca) do not usually form hybrids,because they bloom at different seasons.The means of isolation appears to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The process by which related species become more different in order to reduce competition is called _ .

Correct Answer
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character ...
View Answer

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The model assumes that evolution occurs in spurts,between which there are long periods of stasis with little evolutionary change.

Correct Answer
verified
punctuated...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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If a new species is produced by the interbreeding of two members of distinct species,this would be speciation achieved via .

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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