Question 1

Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram staining?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol/acetone,crystal violet,safranin,iodine
B)  crystal violet,alcohol/acetone,iodine,safranin
C)  crystal violet,iodine,alcohol/acetone,safranin
D)  iodine,safranin,crystal violet,alcohol/acetone
E)  alcohol/acetone,safranin,crystal violet,iodine

Question 2

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

All bacterial cells have

Accepted Answer

A)  one or more chromosomes.
B)  one or more fimbriae.
C)  the ability to produce endospores.
D)  capsules.
E)  flagella.

Question 4

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxins?

Accepted Answer

A)  are specific bacterial cell wall lipids
B)  can stimulate fever in the human body
C)  can cause septic shock in the human body
D)  involved in typhoid fever and some meningitis cases
E)  found in acid-fast bacterial cell walls

Question 5

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a prokaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its DNA is not encased in a membrane.
B)  It has a cell wall made of peptidoglycans or other distinct chemicals.
C)  It does not have membrane-bound organelles.
D)  Its DNA is wrapped around histones.
E)  It is unicellular.

Question 6

A client has a serious respiratory infection.A random sample of sputum was taken from the patient coughing up blood.The lab technician said they had isolated a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan.You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
B)  Borrelia burgdorferi.
C)  Streptococcus pneumoniae.
D)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
E)  Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 7

_____ is a macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptide fragments.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycolic acid
B)  Outer membrane protein
C)  Peptidoglycan
D)  Lysozyme

Question 8

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body,germinate,and cause an infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is not true of the outer membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  The upper most layer is made of lipopolysaccharides.
B)  The inner most layer is a phospholipid bilayer.
C)  The porin proteins create channels through the outer membrane.
D)  Gram-positive bacteria have an outer membrane.
E)  The lipid portion of the lipopolysaccharide layer is an endotoxin. D

Question 10

Cells form a _____ arrangement when cells in a chain snap back upon each other,forming a row of cells oriented side by side.

Accepted Answer

A)  tetrad
B)  strep
C)  staph
D)  sarcina
E)  palisade

Question 11

The prokaryotic cell membrane is made of the same materials as the eukaryotic cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The short,numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called

Accepted Answer

A)  flagella.
B)  cilia.
C)  fimbriae.
D)  periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) .
E)  sex pili.

Question 13

Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called

Accepted Answer

A)  flagella.
B)  cilia.
C)  fimbriae.
D)  periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) .
E)  sex pili. D

Question 14

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial

Accepted Answer

A)  cell walls.
B)  cell membranes.
C)  capsules.
D)  slime layers.
E)  inclusions.

Question 15

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  methanogens - convert CO2 and H2 gases into methane
B)  extreme halophiles - adapted to salty habitats
C)  psychrophiles - adapted to very low temperatures
D)  hyperthermophiles - adapted to high temperatures
E)  thermoplasmas - adapted to frozen environments

Question 16

Two major structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are ___ and ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  pili;ribosomes
B)  fimbrae;capsules
C)  lipopolysaccharides;techoic acids
D)  actin filaments;phospholipid membranes
E)  endospores;metachromatic granules B

Question 17

Serological analysis for bacterial identification typically involves using

Accepted Answer

A)  specific antibodies to the bacterial cell antigens.
B)  methods to identify cell enzymes.
C)  the analysis of the appearance of colonies.
D)  a microscope to determine cell morphology.
E)  the determination of guanine + cytosine base concentrations.

Question 18

You have made a smear of a bacterial culture and have performed the Gram stain on it.Looking at the organism under the microscope,you notice that the cells do not seem to be the dark blue-purple of a gram-positive reaction,but instead are light blue.Your staining procedure was performed correctly.What is your best explanation as to why the bacteria have stained this way?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is something in the wall of the bacteria that has affected the uptake of the crystal violet into the cell wall,thereby staining it improperly.
B)  These are mutant bacteria which cannot be stained like other bacteria.
C)  The specimen did not undergo heat fixation before staining: therefore,the primary dye does not stick properly to the wall.
D)  The bacteria were taken from an inappropriate medium and a chemical is interfering with proper staining of the cells.

Question 19

Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Magnetosomes are

Accepted Answer

A)  infoldings of the cell membrane.
B)  termed metachromatic granules.
C)  responsible for the heat resistance of endospores.
D)  composed of magnetic iron oxide particles.
E)  found in all bacteria.

Exam 4: Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram staining?

Correct Answer
verified

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

All bacterial cells have

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxins?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a prokaryote?

Correct Answer
verified

A client has a serious respiratory infection.A random sample of sputum was taken from the patient coughing up blood.The lab technician said they had isolated a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan.You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be

Correct Answer
verified

_____ is a macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptide fragments.

Correct Answer
verified

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body,germinate,and cause an infectious disease.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not true of the outer membrane?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Cells form a _____ arrangement when cells in a chain snap back upon each other,forming a row of cells oriented side by side.

Correct Answer
verified

The prokaryotic cell membrane is made of the same materials as the eukaryotic cell membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

The short,numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called

Correct Answer
verified

Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called

Correct Answer
verified
D

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct Answer
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Two major structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are _ and _.

Correct Answer
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B

Serological analysis for bacterial identification typically involves using

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

Correct Answer
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Magnetosomes are

Correct Answer
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Exam 4: Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Which order below reflects the correct procedure for Gram staining?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol-based compounds can weaken the outer membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All bacterial cells have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a prokaryote?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client has a serious respiratory infection.A random sample of sputum was taken from the patient coughing up blood.The lab technician said they had isolated a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan.You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptide fragments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body,germinate,and cause an infectious disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of the outer membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Cells form a _____ arrangement when cells in a chain snap back upon each other,forming a row of cells oriented side by side.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prokaryotic cell membrane is made of the same materials as the eukaryotic cell membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The short,numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two major structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are ___ and ___.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Serological analysis for bacterial identification typically involves using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Magnetosomes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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D

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Two major structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are _ and _.

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B

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