A) population pressure is high.
B) a shift to agriculture has recently taken place.
C) men's hunting activities are more important than women's gathering.
D) polygyny is common.
E) warfare is infrequent.
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A) the gender roles of men and women are largely determined by their biological capabilities.
B) women are subservient to men in nearly all societies because their subsistence activities contribute much less to the total diet than do those of men.
C) the relative status of women is variable, depending on factors such as subsistence strategy, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy.
D) foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes regarding gender roles.
E) changes in the gender roles of men and women are usually associated with social decay and anarchy.
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Foraging societies and industrial societies can be compared in terms of gender roles and stratification.
In foraging societies, gender roles are often more egalitarian, with both men and women contributing to the gathering of food and resources. There is less stratification based on gender, as both men and women are valued for their contributions to the group. However, there may still be some division of labor based on gender, with men typically engaging in hunting and women engaging in gathering.
In contrast, industrial societies often have more rigid gender roles and stratification. With the rise of industrialization, there was a shift towards a more patriarchal society, where men were seen as the primary breadwinners and women were expected to take on domestic roles. This led to a greater stratification based on gender, with men holding more power and authority in the public sphere, while women were relegated to the private sphere.
Overall, foraging societies tend to have more flexible gender roles and less stratification based on gender, while industrial societies tend to have more rigid gender roles and greater stratification based on gender.
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A) the status of women is much lower than it is among northern foragers like the Inuit.
B) women's work usually contributes more to the diet than does men's work; consequently, there is less gender stratification.
C) the distinction between public and domestic spheres of activity is much sharper than it is in most horticultural societies.
D) there is no sex-based division of labor.
E) women never take part in hunting.
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B
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Gender stratification and violence again...View Answer
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The domestic-public dichotomy refers to ...View Answer
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A matriarchy is a social system in which...View Answer
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A) matriarchy.
B) patriarchy.
C) patrilocality.
D) patrilineality.
E) anarchy.
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A) men control the prestige hierarchy.
B) men work harder at food production and manufacturing than do women.
C) men are in short supply due to the practice of male infanticide.
D) men and women enjoy approximately equal status.
E) men trade subsistence goods but not prestige items.
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A) European immigration around 1900
B) World War II
C) Voting rights for women
D) Inflation
E) The Women's Rights Movement
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A) gender stratification processes.
B) homosexual practices of the Etoro.
C) a discrepancy between external and internal genitals.
D) a castrated man.
E) sexual practices of chimpanzees.
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A) human sexuality is completely determined by biology.
B) it is immoral for humans to engage in such activities.
C) flexibility in sexual expression is part of humans' primate heritage.
D) heterosexual sex is more common among humans than among other primates.
E) human sexuality is completely determined by culture.
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A) Patrilineality
B) Patrilocality
C) Warfare
D) Reduced gender stratification
E) Male supremacy
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D
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A) men excel under harsh living conditions and therefore accrue vastly more prestige than women accrue.
B) warfare makes men dominant over women.
C) the status of women declines when they provide most of the food.
D) men and women are equal; there is no gender inequality.
E) the lack of a clear public-domestic dichotomy contributes to reduced gender inequality.
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