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Which of the following stages of protein synthesis reads the mRNA strand and assembles a protein based on the sequence of codons present on the mRNA strand?


A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Ribosomes
D) Transfer

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What is an acid?


A) A molecule with a pH of 7
B) A molecule that releases hydroxide ions when added to water
C) A molecule that releases hydrogen atoms when added to water
D) A molecule with a pH higher than 7

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Which of the following statements best describes mitosis?


A) Mitosis is a type of cell division that involves all cell types in the human body.
B) Mitosis is a type of cell division that involves sperm and egg cells.
C) Mitosis is a type of cell division that involves all cell types except sperm and egg cells.
D) Mitosis is a type of cell division.

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What describes the change of tissue from one type to another?


A) Neoplasia
B) Hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Cytoplasia

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Which of the following correctly describes a malignant neoplasm?


A) A neoplasm that remains localized
B) A neoplasm that is encapsulated
C) A neoplasm that does not metastasize
D) A neoplasm in which cells have broken off and traveled to other parts of the body where they are producing more abnormal cells

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Which of the following is NOT a shape of an epithelial cell?


A) Cuboidal
B) Squamous
C) Columnar
D) Stratified

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All of the following are examples of the function of proteins except?


A) Transport
B) Strength
C) Fight foreign invaders
D) Store energy

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Which statement correctly compares passive and active transport?


A) Passive transport move materials across the cell membrane without the use of energy while active transport move materials across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient with the use of energy.
B) Passive transport move materials across the cell membrane with the use of energy while active transport move materials across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient without the use of energy.
C) Passive transport move materials across the cell membrane with the use of energy while active transport move materials across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient with the use of energy.
D) Passive transport move materials across the cell membrane without the use of energy while active transport move materials across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient without the use of energy.

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Which of the following lists the levels of organization of the human body in the correct order?


A) chemical level, organelle level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, systems level, organism level
B) chemical level, tissue level, organ level, systems level, organelle level, cellular level, organism level
C) organelle level, chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, systems level, organism level
D) chemical level, organelle level, cellular level, tissue level, organism level, organ level, systems level

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Which of the following statements correctly compares skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle?


A) Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, while cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary.
B) Skeletal muscle is smooth and voluntary, while cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary.
C) Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, while cardiac muscle is striated and voluntary.
D) Skeletal muscle is striated and involuntary, while cardiac muscle is smooth and involuntary.

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What causes gangrene?


A) Insufficient blood supply
B) The formation of neoplasms
C) The presence of infection
D) Insufficient blood supply that is associated with an infection

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If a solution has a pH of 12,which of the following statement is incorrect?


A) The solution is a base.
B) The solution will release hydroxide ions when added to water.
C) The solution is alkaline.
D) The solution will release hydrogen atoms when added to water.

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All of the following are a level of organization in the human body except which one?


A) Organs
B) Cells
C) Atoms
D) Tissues

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Which of the following is not one of the three types of cartilage?


A) Hyaline cartilage connective tissue
B) Elastic cartilage connective tissue
C) Fibrocartilage connective tissue
D) Fibroelastic cartilage connective tissue

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All of the following items are composed of matter except which one?


A) All of the answer choices have matter.
B) The air we breathe
C) The steam formed from boiling water
D) The fumes emitted from a vehicle

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What type of cartilage is found in the nose?


A) Hyaline cartilage connective tissue
B) Elastic cartilage connective tissue
C) Fibrocartilage connective tissue
D) Fibroelastic cartilage connective tissue

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What is matter?


A) Anything that takes up space
B) Anything that has mass
C) Anything that takes up space and has mass
D) Everything is composed of matter.

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Which term describes a stacked layer of epithelial cells?


A) Simple
B) Stratified
C) Pseudostratified
D) Transitional

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What is osmosis?


A) Diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane until concentrations are equal on either side of the membrane
B) Diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane against the concentration gradient
C) Diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane from areas of low concentration to high concentration
D) Diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane

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What is programmed cell death?


A) Atrophy
B) Necrosis
C) Hypertrophy
D) Apoptosis

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