Question 1

Mutations are uncommon because

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA repair enzymes often repair errors.
B)   physical mutagens such as X-rays seldom damage DNA.
C)   DNA is able to repair itself over time.
D)   frameshift mutations occur very frequently.
E)   transposons are constantly moving throughout the genome.

Question 2

Which of the following sequences of events in the production of recombinant DNA are in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)   mix DNA with plasmid DNA, cut with restriction enzymes, add DNA ligase
B)   add DNA ligase, cut DNA with restriction enzymes, mix DNA with plasmid DNA
C)   cut DNA with restriction enzymes, mix DNA with plasmid DNA, add DNA ligase
D)   mix DNA with plasmid DNA, add DNA ligase, cut with restriction enzymes
E)   cut with restriction enzymes, add DNA ligase, mix DNA with plasmid DNA

Question 3

The two DNA strands must be separated before DNA replication or transcription can occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

During translation, initiation occurs normally, but elongation fails to occur. Which process is mostly likely faulty?

Accepted Answer

A)   translocation of ribosome
B)   binding of tRNA-methionine to start codon
C)   association of the small and large ribosomal subunits
D)   processing of primary mRNA
E)   joining of nucleotides

Question 5

DNA replication is called semiconservative because

Accepted Answer

A)   one of the two resulting DNA molecules is new.
B)   the two resulting DNA molecules each have one new DNA strand and one old strand from the original DNA molecule.
C)   both of the resulting DNA molecules are composed of new strands of nucleotides.
D)   no extra nucleotides are incorporated into the replicated DNA molecules.
E)   the sequence of nucleotides in one strand is conserved, whereas the new DNA molecule consists of a unique sequence of nucleotides

Question 6

The information contained within a gene is not directly copied into which of the following chemical forms?

Accepted Answer

A)   tRNA, rRNA
B)   mRNA, tRNA
C)   rRNA, protein
D)   mRNA, protein
E)   tRNA, protein

Question 7

tRNAs carrying the correct amino acid recognize the proper codons on the mRNA because

Accepted Answer

A)   the anticodon of the tRNA hydrogen binds to the codon of the mRNA by complementary base pairing.
B)   the codon of the tRNA binds to the anticodon of the ribosome by complementary base pairing.
C)   the anticodon of the tRNA carries the correct amino acid.
D)   the amino acid binds to the anticodon of the mRNA and brings the correct tRNA with it.
E)   the codon of the mRNA binds the correct amino acid, and the tRNA stabilizes this interaction.

Question 8

If RNA polymerase malfunctions,

Accepted Answer

A)   one of the subunits of rRNA will not be transcribed from DNA.
B)   amino acids will not be joined to their tRNA.
C)   mRNA cannot bind to rRNA.
D)   an mRNA will not be formed.
E)   mRNA cannot copy itself.

Question 9

A silent mutation is more likely to occur as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   a frameshift mutation.
B)   a point mutation that does not change the amino acid encoded within the gene.
C)   the movement of a transposon into an exon.
D)   a point mutation that alters the amino acid encoded within the gene.
E)   a large dose of radiation.

Question 10

The stages of translation are

Accepted Answer

A)   transcription, mRNA processing, and termination.
B)   DNA replication, transcription, and termination.
C)   initiation, transcription, elongation cycle, and termination.
D)   initiation, elongation cycle, and termination.
E)   initiation, transcription, mRNA processing, and termination.

Question 11

Using three bases to represent each amino acid in a polypeptide

Accepted Answer

A)   ensures that all amino acids are represented at least once by the code.
B)   ensures that other organisms can read the code too.
C)   ensures that DNA can replicate properly.
D)   prevents the wrong amino acid from being incorporated into a protein.
E)   prevents early termination of transcription.

Question 12

According to Chargaff's rules, ___ always pairs with ____, and _____ always pairs with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   A; G; T; C
B)   A; T; G; C
C)   A; C; G; T
D)   C; T; G; A
E)   G; U; A; C

Question 13

The two "sticky ends" illustrated here can bind each other by complementary base pairing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If an organism's DNA contains 20% adenine nucleotides, what percentage of its DNA is composed of thymine nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A)   10%
B)   15%
C)   20%
D)   30%
E)   40%

Question 15

Mutations within genes always result in non-functional proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

An extra three nucleotides inserted into a gene will cause a frameshift mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

During the elongation cycle of translation, the A site on a ribosome functions in

Accepted Answer

A)   receiving a new tRNA with the correct amino acid.
B)   holding a polypeptide as amino acids are added.
C)   attaching the small subunits of rRNA to the large subunit.
D)   releasing the completed polypeptide.
E)   processing the rRNA.

Question 18

Which process requires the participation of all three types of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   transcription
B)   translation
C)   RNA processing
D)   replication
E)   complementary base pairing

Question 19

The central dogma of molecular biology states that the information contained within genes flows in which direction?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA to DNA to protein
B)   mRNA to DNA to protein
C)   DNA to mRNA to protein
D)   DNA to tRNA to mRNA to protein
E)   DNA to rRNA to protein

Question 20

Figure: 
-The sequence of the mRNA that would result from transcribing the gene pictured would be ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   AUGCGAUUA
B)   AUUAGCGUA
C)   UACGCUAAU
D)   UAAUCGCAU
E)   ATGCGATTA

Exam 11: DNA Biology and Technology

tRNAs carrying the correct amino acid recognize the proper codons on the mRNA because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Chargaff's rules, ___ always pairs with ____, and _____ always pairs with _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation, initiation occurs normally, but elongation fails to occur. Which process is mostly likely faulty?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stages of translation are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central dogma of molecular biology states that the information contained within genes flows in which direction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two DNA strands must be separated before DNA replication or transcription can occur.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which process requires the participation of all three types of RNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA replication is called semiconservative because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations are uncommon because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The information contained within a gene is not directly copied into which of the following chemical forms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If RNA polymerase malfunctions,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the elongation cycle of translation, the A site on a ribosome functions in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure: -The sequence of the mRNA that would result from transcribing the gene pictured would be ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A silent mutation is more likely to occur as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two "sticky ends" illustrated here can bind each other by complementary base pairing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following sequences of events in the production of recombinant DNA are in the correct order?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an organism's DNA contains 20% adenine nucleotides, what percentage of its DNA is composed of thymine nucleotides?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations within genes always result in non-functional proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using three bases to represent each amino acid in a polypeptide

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An extra three nucleotides inserted into a gene will cause a frameshift mutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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According to Chargaff's rules, _ always pairs with , and _ always pairs with ___.

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