Question 1

An abnormal mass of tissue is a tumor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Figuer:
This diagram shows how DNA is packaged and folded with its associated protective and regulatory proteins. 
-A discrete continuous molecule of DNA,wrapped with its associated proteins,defines the term

Accepted Answer

A)   histone.
B)   genome.
C)   nucleosome.
D)   centromere.
E)   chromosome.

Question 3

During the cell cycle there are several checkpoints that ensure that the cell cycle is proceeding correctly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The four nitrogen bases that are found in the different nucleotides of DNA are

Accepted Answer

A)   adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine.
B)   uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine.
C)   None of the answer choices are correct.
D)   adenine, thymine, cytosine, uracil.
E)   uracil, cytosine, guanine, thymine.

Question 5

The chemotherapy drug taxol inhibits the breakdown of microtubules.A cell treated with taxol would become stuck right after which phase?

Accepted Answer

A)   metaphase
B)   telophase
C)   anaphase
D)   cytokinesis
E)   prophase

Question 6

A person,who has just experienced a painful sunburn,has a large number of cells undergoing mitosis for the purpose of

Accepted Answer

A)   replication of new DNA copies, so that meiosis will further grow new skin cells.
B)   modifying new cells that will have different specialties than the original damaged cells.
C)   asexual reproduction, to produce new skin buds that will fold over and cover the burn.
D)   repairing and replacing the damaged cells, in the healing process of the skin.

Question 7

The process by which DNA is reproduced,with the use of associated enzymes,is

Accepted Answer

A)   translation.
B)   catalyzed protein synthesis.
C)   transcription.
D)   ligation.
E)   replication.

Question 8

Strong evidence of semiconservative replication of DNA comes from the DNA molecule structure,in that

Accepted Answer

A)   the DNA molecule has four distinct nitrogen base pairs, requiring minimal chemical bond reactions to replicate their sequence.
B)   All these properties of DNA and the replication process are part of the evidence and definition of semiconservative replication.
C)   the semiconservative replication is explained by the large number of enzymes that are each specialized for each step of replication.
D)   the DNA molecule is double-stranded, allowing one original strand to be conserved while its replicate forms one strand.
E)   the hydrogen bonds between paired DNA strands allows conservation of energy, at a lower level than covalent bonds would require.

Question 9

In order for a cell to become cancerous,oncogenes must be ___,or tumor suppressors are ___.

Accepted Answer

A)   activated; activated
B)   activated; inactivated
C)   inactivated; inactivated
D)   inactivated; activated

Question 10

Each newly replicated molecule of DNA contains one conserved strand from the original DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence of 5'-ATGTGCC-3' the complementary strand of DNA will read

Accepted Answer

A)   3'-UACACGG-5'
B)   3'-GGCACAT-5'
C)   3'-CGTGTAA-5'
D)   3'-ATGTGCC-5'
E)   3'-TACACGG-5'

Question 12

If scientists could inactivate telomerase in specific cells,the primary reason for this would most likely be the stopping of

Accepted Answer

A)   the formation of cancer.
B)   meiosis.
C)   aging of cells.
D)   All of the answer choices are correct.
E)   aerobic respiration.

Question 13

Cells that produce telomerase can usually divide many more times than cells that do not produce telomerase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Mutations are usually rare,because

Accepted Answer

A)   Okazaki fragments are removed, whenever detected by the ligase enzyme.
B)   transcription, after replication, will normally detect and fix mutations.
C)   ligases serve to conduct "quality control" checks in order to repair mutations.
D)   DNA polymerase quickly discards mismatched nucleotide base pairs.
E)   Both answer options, regarding the role of the ligase enzyme, are correct.

Question 15

The enzyme that builds a short complementary piece of RNA at the start of each DNA segment to be replicated is

Accepted Answer

A)   helicase.
B)   ligase.
C)   DNA polymerase.
D)   primase.
E)   ATP synthase.

Question 16

The portion of the cytoskeleton that attaches,pulls,and guides the chromosomes as they are separated equally into two sets is the

Accepted Answer

A)   centrosome.
B)   Golgi body.
C)   centromere.
D)   mitotic spindle.
E)   kinetochore.

Question 17

In the biology lab,you observe animal cells that resemble this first sign of cytokinesis,the formation of this

Accepted Answer

A)   cell plate.
B)   nuclear envelope.
C)   cell wall.
D)   nucleolus.
E)   cleavage furrow.

Question 18

Figuer:
This diagram shows the steps in mitosis, with labels to reference in the questions below. 
-The phase of mitosis in which the nuclear envelope reforms is

Accepted Answer

A)   E, which is telophase.
B)   C, which is anaphase.
C)   A, which is prometaphase.
D)   D, which is metaphase.
E)   B, which is prophase.

Question 19

When DNA replicates

Accepted Answer

A)   transcription factors determine where to begin DNA replication.
B)   the original DNA unwinds, and multiple copies of a region are transcribed before the DNA closes back up.
C)   the original DNA is not affected and a new double-stranded DNA is made from two new strands of DNA.
D)   None of the answer choices are correct.
E)   one strand of the original DNA ends up in each of the new DNA molecules.

Question 20

Endostatin is a 184-amino acid protein that only affects endothelial cells.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endostatin enters endothelial cells by endocytosis.
B)   Endostatin can diffuse across the membrane of endothelial cells.
C)   Endothelial cells have a receptor on their cell membrane that binds endostatin.
D)   Only endothelial cells are exposed to endostatin.
E)   Endothelial cells produce endostatin.

Exam 8: DNA Replication, mitosis, and the Cell Cycle

In the biology lab,you observe animal cells that resemble this first sign of cytokinesis,the formation of this

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Strong evidence of semiconservative replication of DNA comes from the DNA molecule structure,in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The four nitrogen bases that are found in the different nucleotides of DNA are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for a cell to become cancerous,oncogenes must be ___,or tumor suppressors are ___.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person,who has just experienced a painful sunburn,has a large number of cells undergoing mitosis for the purpose of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endostatin is a 184-amino acid protein that only affects endothelial cells.What is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: This diagram shows how DNA is packaged and folded with its associated protective and regulatory proteins. -A discrete continuous molecule of DNA,wrapped with its associated proteins,defines the term

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutations are usually rare,because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemotherapy drug taxol inhibits the breakdown of microtubules.A cell treated with taxol would become stuck right after which phase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which DNA is reproduced,with the use of associated enzymes,is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each newly replicated molecule of DNA contains one conserved strand from the original DNA molecule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The portion of the cytoskeleton that attaches,pulls,and guides the chromosomes as they are separated equally into two sets is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence of 5'-ATGTGCC-3' the complementary strand of DNA will read

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An abnormal mass of tissue is a tumor.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figuer: This diagram shows the steps in mitosis, with labels to reference in the questions below. -The phase of mitosis in which the nuclear envelope reforms is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When DNA replicates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the cell cycle there are several checkpoints that ensure that the cell cycle is proceeding correctly.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If scientists could inactivate telomerase in specific cells,the primary reason for this would most likely be the stopping of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme that builds a short complementary piece of RNA at the start of each DNA segment to be replicated is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells that produce telomerase can usually divide many more times than cells that do not produce telomerase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In order for a cell to become cancerous,oncogenes must be _,or tumor suppressors are _.

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