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Distinguish between primary markets and secondary markets.

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Financial intermediaries


A) exist because there are substantial information and transaction costs in the economy.
B) improve the lot of the small saver.
C) are involved in the process of indirect finance.
D) do all of the above.
E) do only A and B of the above.

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Which of the following are primary markets?


A) The New York Stock Exchange
B) The U.S. government bond market
C) The over-the-counter stock market
D) The options markets
E) None of the above

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The presence of ________ in financial markets leads to adverse selection and moral hazard problems that interfere with the efficient functioning of financial markets.


A) noncollateralized risk
B) free-riding
C) asymmetric information
D) costly state verification

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Which of the following can be described as involving direct finance?


A) A corporation's stock is traded in an over-the-counter market.
B) People buy shares in a mutual fund.
C) A pension fund manager buys commercial paper in the secondary market.
D) An insurance company buys shares of common stock in the over-the-counter markets.
E) None of the above.

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Why are financial intermediaries so important to an economy?

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A country whose financial markets function poorly is likely to


A) efficiently allocate its capital resources.
B) enjoy high productivity.
C) experience economic hardship and financial crises.
D) increase its standard of living.

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Adverse selection is a problem associated with equity and debt contracts arising from


A) the lender's relative lack of information about the borrower's potential returns and risks of his investment activities.
B) the lender's inability to legally require sufficient collateral to cover a 100 percent loss if the borrower defaults.
C) the borrower's lack of incentive to seek a loan for highly risky investments.
D) none of the above.

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Why is it so important for an economy to have fully developed financial markets?

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Distinguish between direct financing and indirect financing.

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A mutual fund is not a depository institution.

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Intermediaries who link buyers and sellers by buying and selling securities at stated prices are called


A) investment bankers.
B) traders.
C) brokers.
D) dealers.
E) none of the above.

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Many common stocks are traded over the counter, although a majority of the largest corporations have their shares traded at organized stock exchanges.

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The presence of transaction costs in financial markets explains, in part, why


A) financial intermediaries and indirect finance play such an important role in financial markets.
B) equity and bond financing play such an important role in financial markets.
C) corporations get more funds through equity financing than they get from financial intermediaries.
D) direct financing is more important than indirect financing as a source of funds.

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An investor who puts all her funds into one asset ________ her portfolio's ________.


A) increases; diversification
B) decreases; diversification
C) increases; average return
D) decreases; average return

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Which of the following markets is sometimes organized as an over-the-counter market?


A) The stock market
B) The bond market
C) The foreign exchange market
D) The federal funds market
E) all of the above

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Discuss the differences between depository institutions, contractual savings institutions, and investment intermediaries.

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Depository institutions, contractual sav...

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The process of financial intermediation is also known as direct finance.

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Describe how over-the-counter markets work.

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Bonds that are sold in a foreign country and are denominated in a currency other than that of the country in which they are sold are known as


A) foreign bonds.
B) Eurobonds.
C) Eurocurrencies.
D) Eurodollars.

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